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General: EL MISTERIO DE LOS QUIPUS
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| From: Siondra (Original message) |
Sent: 08/11/2013 19:24 |
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El quipu (quechua: khipu, 'nudo' )? fue un sistema nemotécnico mediante cuerdas de lana o algodón y nudos de uno o varios colores desarrollado en los Andes. Si bien se sabe que fue usado como un sistema de contabilidad por los funcionarios del Imperio inca, podría haber sido usado como una forma de escritura, hipótesis que sostiene el ingeniero William Burns Glynn.
Los utilizaban los quipu kamayoc (khipu kamayuq), sabios del imperio inca.
Se han hallado quipus en Caral, la ciudad más antigua de América, así como en los centros de la cultura Wari.
Estructura
El quipu consta de una cuerda principal, sin nudos, de la cual dependen otras generalmente anudadas y de diversos colores, formas y tamaños, los colores se identifican como sectores y los nudos la cantidad -llamadas cuerdas colgantes-. Puede haber cuerdas sin nudos, como también cuerdas que no se desprenden de la principal sino de la secundaria (cuerdas secundarias). Los especialistas contemporáneos piensan que los colores y quizá la forma de trenzado de las cuerdas indican los objetos, mientras que los nudos harían referencia a las cantidades, incluyendo el número cero.
Entre los quipus conocidos hay una gran variedad de tamaño y complejidad, pues van desde los muy simples hasta los que tienen más de mil cuerdas. (wikipedia)
Sucedió en el Perú


El quipu estaba formado por una cuerda larga transversal, de color negro, a la que se anudan cuerdas verticales de color amarillo llenas de nudos y paralelas entre sí, además de otra más larga de color carmesí con cuatro nudos, del último de los cuales parte otra cuerda con diez nudos de los que cuelgan diez cordones subsidiarios de diversos colores. El penúltimo, nudoso y de color amarillo, indica el número 1000 y el último blanco el 30.000. Cada cuerda vertical estaba dividida en zonas y de acuerdo a la altura en la cuerda, la zona representaba unidades, decenas, centenas, etc.
Aunque no se conocen todas las claves para interpretarlos, se sabe que los quipus servían para contar y para comunicar mensajes de interés administrativo, militar y económico, como el producto de las cosechas, la capacidad de almacenarlas, el crecimiento de la población o los daños producidos por una invasión. No se registraban, sin embargo, los años de un reinado, tal vez porque era un asunto que no les preocupaba.






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