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MARIA MAGDALENA - SANTO GRIAL: TORRE DE LOS SIETE DE EZEQUIEL 29:10 Y SU NEXO CON MARIA MAGDALENA
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From: BARILOCHENSE6999  (Original message) Sent: 18/09/2011 01:43

 

Malcolm:   I seem to remember posting along these lines in MSN, but so long ago, it will be new to our latest members and visitors.

From "Solomon, Falcon of Sheba" by Ralph Ellis, beginning on page 126:

"While it would appear that the mother of Jesus was following in these ancient Egyptian traditions, there is another section of the New  Testament evidence that again points towards Egypt....

....Mary Magdalene has been given some bad press in the Bible, and this was probably due to a strong priestly desire to distance her from Jesus - it was too embarassing to admit that she was Jesus' wife, let alone contemplate the possibility that she was his sister too.   But some of this bad press may actually have been derived from a subtle and deliberate mistranslation of a particular verse in the gospel of Luke:

      And certain women, which had been healed of evil spirits and infirmities, Mary called Magdalene, out of whom went seven devils.   Luke 8:2

          But this is not the only possible translation of this vers; it could also be taken to read:

         And a certain woman who had worshipped blinding (strong) winds, Mary, named (after the) Seven Tower out of which went god (winds).

   The word for 'healed' (theraputae) can mean 'worshipped' and the term for 'evil spirits' (ponerous pneuma) could easily become 'blinding winds'.    The reason for Mary, in her guise as a much later 'Queen of Sheba', being associated with whirlwinds (the jinn of the Koran) will be given later.   The term for 'devils'  (daemons) can be a reference to 'god' or even the jinn whirlwinds once more - in fact, the latter are still called dust-devils to this day.

         More important, however, is the fact that Mary Magdalene can be seen as being associated with both a tower and the number seven.   The name Magdalene can be literally translated from the Greek as meaning 'tower' and, as we have already seen, this association between the terms 'tower' and 'seven' is present in a famous Biblical quotation:

      Behold, therefore I am against thee, and against they rivers, and I will make the land of Egypt utterly waste and desolate, from the Tower of Seven  even unto the border of Ethiopia.   Ezekiel 29:10

       Just to review the explanations from chapter III, both of these words have been directly transliterated out of the original Egyptian:  the Magdalene 'tower' has been taken from the Egyptian word maktal or magdjal  (glyphs) meaning 'tower', while the number seven has been derived from the Egyptian word sefekh (glyphs) meaning 'seven'.

  So, Ezekiel's 'Tower of Seven' is none other than the Egyptian 'Magdal of Sefekh', the same title that is now being associated with Mary Magdalene.   The Tower of Sefekh was historically seen to be a prime symbol of Egypt and because of this notoriety it has already been identified with the Great Pyramid (the Great Tower) of Egypt.   The number seven is also translatable as Sheba, as this is one of the prime Hebrew meanings for this word.

Malcolm:  To understand where 'Seven' comes from, we need to go back to page 57 of Ellis's book:

     "If the great entrance door to the Great Pyramid was unbolted and opened on the seventh day, and if the door itself was considered to be the 'Great Door of Heaven' - the divine portal that led into the nether world of the Djuat, the land of the gods and the dead - then it is axiomatic that sefekh, the Egyptian term for unbolting a door and the number seven, would have become intimately associated with the Egyptian word seba, meaning the Great Door of Heaven.    The Seba (glyphs)  would have been s-sefekh (glyphs) (unbolted) on the Sefekh (glyphs) (seventh or Shabbeth) day.  This is indeed what is found, and in the translation from the Egyptian into Hebrew, the word for the number 'seven' became associated more with seba than with sefekh - hence the word for 'seven' in Hebrew is seba, not sefekh.

       But the original use of the word sefekh (glyphs) , as a term for unbolting the Great Door, was not entirely lost even within the Hebrew language; and I can confidently assert this because the association of this word with the Great Pyramid was retained in the Biblical book of Ezekiel:

       Behold, therefore I am against thee, and against they rivers, and I will make the land of Egypt utterly waste and desolate, from the   tower of Syene     even unto the border with Ethiopia.   Ezekiel 29:10.

     

         By the era of Ezekiel, the Israelites had been away from Egypt for hundreds of years, and their former homeland had now become the scapegoat for each and every misfortune that the Israelites encountered.      This verse is one of many oaths against the newly despised land of Egypt.

       It may not be immediately apparent what the quote is trying to say, because some daft translator has interpreted the 'tower' as being called Syene.    The Gideon Bible has taken this obfuscation one step further by saying that the land was laid waste 'from Migdol to Aswan'!      What a tangled web we weave....

        The truth of the matter is that the Gideon Bible's city of 'Migdol' was not a town but a 'tower', just as the King James Bible correctly translates - migdol (Hebrew letters) means tower in Hebrew.     The problem with the King James' version of this verse is that the word Syene is very badly transliterated into the English.    The usual Hebrew pronunciation for this word is actually 'Seven' (Hebrew letters) or 'Sheven' (Hebrew letters).       (Note the mixing of the 's' and 'sh' consonants once more.) 

        The tower in question is, of course, not really the 'Tower of Seven'; it is more correctly translated as the 'Tower of Sefekh' - but the verse is using he Hebrew version of this word, which is 'Seven'.    As I mentioned previously, the Hebrew letter 'kh' (Hebrew letter) has simply become confused with and exchanged for the similar-lookiing letter 'n' (Hebrew letter).

          This, however, does not fully explain this verse n the book of Ezekiel.  We have still not deciphered which 'tower' in Egypt would have been closely associated with the word sefekh, meaning to unbolt a door, and which 'tower' would also be closely identified with the number seven.     The answer is not only obvious, but also inescapable - the 'tower' to which Ezekiel was referring was a 'tower' that apparently defined the whold character of the land of Egypt.   

         It was a shibboleth, or symbol, that every enlightened reader was immediately supposed to understand to be a reference to Egypt, and so it is axiomatic that this 'tower' was none other than the Great Pyramid of Giza itself.     In reality, Ezekiel was trying to say:

    Behold, therefore I am against Egypt, and against Egypt's rivers, and I will make the land of Egypt utterly waste and desolate from the Great Pyramid  even unto the border of Ethiopia.

    If the term sefekh referred to the Great Pyramid and if, in turn, the term seba was related to the doorway of the Great Pyramid - which is still the largest building on the planet - then the terms sefekh and Seba would have been as Egyptian as apple pie is American.   In this case, the name Seba (Sheba) would have been a positive reference to the land of Lower Egypt and likewise, the Queen of Sheba is likely to have been a queen or princess of Egypt."

Malcolm:  She was.   She was Queen ETIYE - named in the Kebra Nagast as Eteye Azeb - who was the favourite wife and queen of King Solomon/YmnHtp III.

 
Ezequiel
29:1 En el año décimo, en el mes décimo, a los doce días del mes, vino a mí palabra de Jehová, diciendo:
29:2 Hijo de hombre, pon tu rostro contra Faraón rey de Egipto, y profetiza contra él y contra todo Egipto.
29:3 Habla, y di: Así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: He aquí yo estoy contra ti, Faraón rey de Egipto, el gran dragón que yace en medio de sus ríos, el cual dijo: Mío es el Nilo, pues yo lo hice.
29:4 Yo, pues, pondré garfios en tus quijadas, y pegaré los peces de tus ríos a tus escamas, y te sacaré de en medio de tus ríos, y todos los peces de tus ríos saldrán pegados a tus escamas.
29:5 Y te dejaré en el desierto a ti y a todos los peces de tus ríos; sobre la faz del campo caerás; no serás recogido, ni serás juntado; a las fieras de la tierra y a las aves del cielo te he dado por comida.
29:6 Y sabrán todos los moradores de Egipto que yo soy Jehová, por cuanto fueron báculo de caña a la casa de Israel.
29:7 Cuando te tomaron con la mano, te quebraste, y les rompiste todo el hombro; y cuando se apoyaron en ti, te quebraste, y les rompiste sus lomos enteramente.
29:8 Por tanto, así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: He aquí que yo traigo contra ti espada, y cortaré de ti hombres y bestias.
29:9 Y la tierra de Egipto será asolada y desierta, y sabrán que yo soy Jehová; por cuanto dijo: El Nilo es mío, y yo lo hice.
29:10 Por tanto, he aquí yo estoy contra ti, y contra tus ríos; y pondré la tierra de Egipto en desolación, en la soledad del desierto, desde Migdol hasta Sevene, hasta el límite de Etiopía.
29:11 No pasará por ella pie de hombre, ni pie de animal pasará por ella, ni será habitada, por cuarenta años.
29:12 Y pondré a la tierra de Egipto en soledad entre las tierras asoladas, y sus ciudades entre las ciudades destruidas estarán desoladas por cuarenta años; y esparciré a Egipto entre las naciones, y lo dispersaré por las tierras.
29:13 Porque así ha dicho Jehová el Señor: Al fin de cuarenta años recogeré a Egipto de entre los pueblos entre los cuales fueren esparcidos;
29:14 y volveré a traer los cautivos de Egipto, y los llevaré a la tierra de Patros, a la tierra de su origen; y allí serán un reino despreciable.
29:15 En comparación con los otros reinos será humilde; nunca más se alzará sobre las naciones; porque yo los disminuiré, para que no vuelvan a tener dominio sobre las naciones.
29:16 Y no será ya más para la casa de Israel apoyo de confianza, que les haga recordar el pecado de mirar en pos de ellos; y sabrán que yo soy Jehová el Señor.
29:17 Aconteció en el año veintisiete en el mes primero, el día primero del mes, que vino a mí palabra de Jehová, diciendo:
29:18 Hijo de hombre, Nabucodonosor rey de Babilonia hizo a su ejército prestar un arduo servicio contra Tiro. Toda cabeza ha quedado calva, y toda espalda desollada; y ni para él ni para su ejército hubo paga de Tiro, por el servicio que prestó contra ella.
29:19 Por tanto, así ha dicho Jehová el Señor; He aquí que yo doy a Nabucodonosor, rey de Babilonia, la tierra de Egipto; y él tomará sus riquezas, y recogerá sus despojos, y arrebatará botín, y habrá paga para su ejército.
29:20 Por su trabajo con que sirvió contra ella le he dado la tierra de Egipto; porque trabajaron para mí, dice Jehová el Señor.
29:21 En aquel tiempo haré retoñar el poder de la casa de Israel. Y abriré tu boca en medio de ellos, y sabrán que yo soy Jehová.

http://wheresjesus.multiply.com/journal/item/1276


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Reply  Message 14 of 163 on the subject 
From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 19/09/2011 16:21
  MARY MAGDALENE MARÍA MAGDALENA Apr 28, '09 4:47 PM 28-abr-09 16:47
por Malcolm para Todos Por Malcolm PARA TODOS

 

Malcolm: I seem to remember posting along these lines in MSN, but so long ago, it will be new to our latest members and visitors. Malcolm: Me parece recordar que publicar a lo largo de estas líneas en el MSN, pero hace mucho tiempo, que serán nuevas para nuestros nuevos miembros y visitantes.

From "Solomon, Falcon of Sheba" by Ralph Ellis, beginning on page 126: De "Salomón, Falcon de Saba" por Ralph Ellis, comenzando en la página 126:

"While it would appear that the mother of Jesus was following in these ancient Egyptian traditions, there is another section of the New Testament evidence that again points towards Egypt.... "Aunque parece que la madre de Jesús estaba siguiendo las tradiciones del antiguo Egipto, hay otra parte de la evidencia del Nuevo Testamento que apunta de nuevo hacia Egipto ....

....Mary Magdalene has been given some bad press in the Bible, and this was probably due to a strong priestly desire to distance her from Jesus - it was too embarassing to admit that she was Jesus' wife, let alone contemplate the possibility that she was his sister too. .... María Magdalena se le ha dado mala prensa en la Biblia, y esto probablemente se debió a un fuerte deseo de los sacerdotes a su distancia de Jesús - que era demasiado embarazoso admitir que ella era la esposa de Jesús, y mucho menos contemplar la posibilidad que ella era su hermana. But some of this bad press may actually have been derived from a subtle and deliberate mistranslation of a particular verse in the gospel of Luke: Pero algo de esto la mala prensa puede haber sido derivado de una mala traducción sutil y deliberada de un versículo en particular en el evangelio de Lucas:

And certain women, which had been healed of evil spirits and infirmities, Mary called Magdalene, out of whom went seven devils. Y algunas mujeres que habían sido curadas de espíritus malignos y enfermedades: María, llamada Magdalena, de la cual habían salido siete demonios. Luke 8:2 Lucas 08:02

       But this is not the only possible translation of this vers; it could also be taken to read: Pero esto no es la única traducción posible de este vers, sino que también se podrían tomar para leer:

And a certain woman who had worshipped blinding (strong) winds, Mary, named (after the) Seven Tower out of which went god (winds). Y una mujer que habían adorado el cegamiento (fuertes) vientos, María, nombre (después de la) Torre de los Siete, que fue dios (vientos).

The word for 'healed' (theraputae) can mean 'worshipped' and the term for 'evil spirits' (ponerous pneuma) could easily become 'blinding winds'. La palabra para "curado" (theraputae) puede significar 'adorado' y el término de "malos espíritus" (ponerous pneuma) podría convertirse fácilmente en "vientos ciego". The reason for Mary, in her guise as a much later 'Queen of Sheba', being associated with whirlwinds (the jinn of the Koran) will be given later. La razón de María, en su apariencia como mucho más tarde "Reina de Saba ', asociados con remolinos (los genios del Corán) se darán más adelante. The term for 'devils' (daemons) can be a reference to 'god' or even the jinn whirlwinds once more - in fact, the latter are still called dust-devils to this day. El término de "demonios" (demonios) puede ser una referencia a "Dios" o incluso los torbellinos genios, una vez más - de hecho, este último todavía se llaman demonios de polvo en la actualidad.

More important, however, is the fact that Mary Magdalene can be seen as being associated with both a tower and the number seven. Más importante, sin embargo, es el hecho de que María Magdalena se puede ver como se asocia con una torre y el número siete. The name Magdalene can be literally translated from the Greek as meaning 'tower' and, as we have already seen, this association between the terms 'tower' and 'seven' is present in a famous Biblical quotation: El nombre de Magdalena se puede traducir literalmente del griego en el sentido de la "torre" y, como ya hemos visto, esta asociación entre la "torre" de los términos y "siete" está presente en una famosa cita bíblica:

Behold, therefore I am against thee, and against they rivers, and I will make the land of Egypt utterly waste and desolate, from the Tower of Seven even unto the border of Ethiopia. He aquí, por lo tanto, yo estoy contra ti, y en contra de que los ríos, y haré de la tierra de los residuos y totalmente desolada Egipto, desde la Torre de los Siete, incluso hasta la frontera de Etiopía. Ezekiel 29:10 Ezequiel 29:10

Just to review the explanations from chapter III, both of these words have been directly transliterated out of the original Egyptian: the Magdalene 'tower' has been taken from the Egyptian word maktal or magdjal (glyphs) meaning 'tower', while the number seven has been derived from the Egyptian word sefekh (glyphs) meaning 'seven'. Sólo para revisar las explicaciones del capítulo III, estas dos palabras se han transcrito directamente de la original egipcia: "torre" de la Magdalena ha sido tomado de la palabra egipcia maktal o magdjal (glifos) que significa "torre", mientras que el número siete se ha derivado de la palabra egipcia sefekh (glifos) que significa "siete".

So, Ezekiel's 'Tower of Seven' is none other than the Egyptian ' Magdal of Sefekh', the same title that is now being associated with Mary Magdalene. Por lo tanto, Ezekiel' la "Torre de los Siete" no es otro que "Magdal de Sefekh" el egipcio, el mismo título que ahora se asocia con María Magdalena. The Tower of Sefekh was historically seen to be a prime symbol of Egypt and because of this notoriety it has already been identified with the Great Pyramid (the Great Tower) of Egypt. La Torre de Sefekh fue visto históricamente como un símbolo por excelencia de Egipto y por ello la notoriedad que ya ha sido identificado con la Gran Pirámide (la Gran Torre) de Egipto. The number seven is also translatable as Sheba, as this is one of the prime Hebrew meanings for this word. El número siete es también traducible como Sheba, ya que este es uno de los principales significados de esta palabra hebrea.

Malcolm: To understand where 'Seven' comes from, we need to go back to page 57 of Ellis's book: Malcolm: Para entender de dónde 'Seven' viene, tenemos que volver a la página 57 del libro de Ellis:

"If the great entrance door to the Great Pyramid was unbolted and opened on the seventh day, and if the door itself was considered to be the 'Great Door of Heaven' - the divine portal that led into the nether world of the Djuat, the land of the gods and the dead - then it is axiomatic that sefekh, the Egyptian term for unbolting a door and the number seven, would have become intimately associated with the Egyptian word seba, meaning the Great Door of Heaven. The Seba (glyphs) would have been s-sefekh (glyphs) (unbolted) on the Sefekh (glyphs) (seventh or Shabbeth) day. This is indeed what is found, and in the translation from the Egyptian into Hebrew, the word for the number 'seven' became associated more with seba than with sefekh - hence the word for 'seven' in Hebrew is seba, not sefekh. "Si la puerta de entrada ideal para la Gran Pirámide fue cerrojo y abrió el séptimo día, y si la puerta misma fue considerada como la" Gran Puerta del Cielo "- el portal divino que llevó al mundo inferior de la Djuat, el tierra de los dioses y los muertos -, entonces es evidente que sefekh, el término egipcio para desempernar una puerta y el número siete, se habría convertido íntimamente relacionada con la seba palabra egipcia, es decir, la Gran Puerta del Cielo El Seba (glifos). habría sido s-sefekh (glifos) (cerrojo) en el día Sefekh (glifos) (séptimo u Shabbeth). Esto es lo que se encuentra, y en la traducción de los egipcios en hebreo, la palabra "siete" el número se asoció más con seba que con sefekh - de ahí la palabra para "siete" en hebreo es seba, no sefekh.

       But the original use of the word sefekh (glyphs) , as a term for unbolting the Great Door, was not entirely lost even within the Hebrew language; and I can confidently assert this because the association of this word with the Great Pyramid was retained in the Biblical book of Ezekiel: Sin embargo, el uso original de la palabra sefekh (glifos), como un término para desempernar la Puerta Grande, no estaba del todo perdido, incluso dentro de la lengua hebrea, y que con seguridad se puede afirmar esto porque la asociación de esta palabra con la Gran Pirámide se mantuvo en el libro bíblico de Ezequiel:

Behold, therefore I am against thee, and against they rivers, and I will make the land of Egypt utterly waste and desolate, from the tower of Syene even unto the border with Ethiopia. He aquí, por lo tanto, yo estoy contra ti, y en contra de que los ríos, y haré de la tierra de los residuos y totalmente desolada Egipto, desde la torre de Siena, incluso hasta la frontera con Etiopía. Ezekiel 29:10. Ezequiel 29:10.

       

         By the era of Ezekiel, the Israelites had been away from Egypt for hundreds of years, and their former homeland had now become the scapegoat for each and every misfortune that the Israelites encountered. Por la época de Ezequiel, los israelitas habían estado fuera de Egipto por cientos de años, y su antigua patria se había convertido en el chivo expiatorio de la desgracia de todos y cada uno que los israelitas encontraron. This verse is one of many oaths against the newly despised land of Egypt. Este versículo es uno de los muchos juramentos contra la tierra recién despreciado de Egipto.

It may not be immediately apparent what the quote is trying to say, because some daft translator has interpreted the 'tower' as being called Syene. Puede que no sea inmediatamente evidente lo que la cita está tratando de decir, porque algunos tontos traductor ha interpretado la "torre" como se llama Siena. The Gideon Bible has taken this obfuscation one step further by saying that the land was laid waste 'from Migdol to Aswan'! La Biblia de los Gedeones ha tomado esta ofuscación un paso más allá al decir que la tierra fue arrasada desde Migdol hasta Asuán! What a tangled web we weave.... Lo que es una maraña que tejen ....

The truth of the matter is that the Gideon Bible's city of 'Migdol' was not a town but a 'tower', just as the King James Bible correctly translates - migdol (Hebrew letters) means tower in Hebrew. La verdad del asunto es que la ciudad de la Biblia de Gedeón, de 'Migdol "no era una ciudad, sino una' torre ', al igual que la Biblia King James traduce correctamente - Migdol (letras hebreas) significa torre en hebreo. The problem with the King James' version of this verse is that the word Syene is very badly transliterated into the English. El problema con la versión del Rey Jaime "de este versículo es que el Siena palabra está muy mal transcrito en el Inglés. The usual Hebrew pronunciation for this word is actually 'Seven' (Hebrew letters) or 'Sheven' (Hebrew letters). La pronunciación hebrea usual de esta palabra es en realidad 'Seven' (las letras hebreas) o "Sheven '(las letras hebreas). (Note the mixing of the 's' and 'sh' consonants once more.) (Nota de la mezcla de la 's' y las consonantes 'sh', una vez más.)

The tower in question is, of course, not really the 'Tower of Seven'; it is more correctly translated as the 'Tower of Sefekh' - but the verse is using he Hebrew version of this word, which is 'Seven'. La torre en cuestión es, por supuesto, no es realmente la "Torre de los Siete", sino que es más correctamente traducido como la "Torre de Sefekh" -, pero el versículo es que con la versión hebrea de la palabra, que es 'Seven'. As I mentioned previously, the Hebrew letter 'kh' (Hebrew letter) has simply become confused with and exchanged for the similar-lookiing letter 'n' (Hebrew letter). Como he mencionado anteriormente, la letra hebrea "kh" (letra hebrea) se ha convertido simplemente confundirse con e intercambiados por la carta similar lookiing 'n' (letra hebrea).

This, however, does not fully explain this verse n the book of Ezekiel. Esto, sin embargo, no explica este verso n el libro de Ezequiel. We have still not deciphered which 'tower' in Egypt would have been closely associated with the word sefekh, meaning to unbolt a door, and which 'tower' would also be closely identified with the number seven. Todavía no hemos descifrado que la "torre" en Egipto han estado estrechamente asociados con la sefekh palabra, que significa abrir el cerrojo de una puerta, y que la "torre" también sería muy identificado con el número siete. The answer is not only obvious, but also inescapable - the 'tower' to which Ezekiel was referring was a 'tower' that apparently defined the whold character of the land of Egypt. La respuesta no es sólo evidente, sino también inevitable - la "torre" a la que Ezequiel se refería era una "torre" que, aparentemente, se define el carácter whold de la tierra de Egipto.

It was a shibboleth, or symbol, that every enlightened reader was immediately supposed to understand to be a reference to Egypt, and so it is axiomatic that this 'tower' was none other than the Great Pyramid of Giza itself. Fue un santo y seña o símbolo, que cada lector ilustrado se suponía de inmediato a entender como una referencia a Egipto, y por lo tanto es evidente que esta "torre" no era otro que la Gran Pirámide de Giza en sí. In reality, Ezekiel was trying to say: En realidad, Ezequiel estaba tratando de decir:

Behold, therefore I am against Egypt, and against Egypt's rivers, and I will make the land of Egypt utterly waste and desolate from the Great Pyramid even unto the border of Ethiopia. He aquí, por lo tanto estoy en contra de Egipto, y en contra de los ríos de Egipto, y haré de la tierra de Egipto por completo los residuos y la desolación de la Gran Pirámide, incluso hasta la frontera de Etiopía.

If the term sefekh referred to the Great Pyramid and if, in turn, the term seba was related to the doorway of the Great Pyramid - which is still the largest building on the planet - then the terms sefekh and Seba would have been as Egyptian as apple pie is American. Si el sefekh término se refería a la Gran Pirámide, y si, a su vez, el término seba estaba relacionado con la entrada de la Gran Pirámide - que sigue siendo el edificio más grande del planeta - a continuación, los términos sefekh y Seba habría sido tan egipcio como pastel de manzana estadounidense. In this case, the name Seba (Sheba) would have been a positive reference to the land of Lower Egypt and likewise, the Queen of Sheba is likely to have been a queen or princess of Egypt." En este caso, el nombre de Seba (Saba) habría sido una referencia positiva a la tierra del Bajo Egipto, y del mismo modo, la reina de Saba es probable que haya sido una reina o una princesa de Egipto. "

Malcolm: She was. Malcolm: Ella era. She was Queen ETIYE - named in the Kebra Nagast as Eteye Azeb - who was the favourite wife and queen of King Solomon/YmnHtp III. Ella fue la reina ETIYE - nombrado en el Kebra Nagast como Eteye Azeb - que era la esposa favorita y la reina del rey Salomón / YmnHtp III.

 

Reply  Message 15 of 163 on the subject 
From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 19/09/2011 16:23
calum33 escribió el 28 de Abr '09

 


 


Malcolm: There is more to the story and it is of great significance. Malcolm: No hay más que la historia y es de gran importancia. So to continue from Ellis, page 58: Así que para continuar a partir de Ellis, en la página 58:


"Although the threads of this story may have been difficult to follow at times, there are a couple of further twists to this chapter that are quite important. "A pesar de los hilos de esta historia podría haber sido difícil de seguir, a veces, hay un par de vueltas más a este capítulo que son muy importantes.


The meaning of the word sheba may have referred to this queen in a more specific manner than the meaning of 'door' and 'star' that have just been given. El significado de la palabra seba puede haberse referido a esta reina de un modo más específico que el significado de 'puerta' y 'estrella' que acaba de dar. As mentioned earlier, the term 'sheba' may have been related to the role that this princess played in the rituals performed on the Sabbath days of the Egyptian religion. Como se mencionó anteriormente, 'Saba', el término puede haber estado relacionado con el papel que jugó esta princesa en los rituales realizados en los días sábado de la religión egipcia. Her biblical title was the Queen of Sheba (Malkah Sheba ...[Hebrew letters]), but she could equally have been called the Daughter of Sheba (Bath-Sheba ...[Hebrew letters]). Su título bíblico era la reina de Saba (Sheba Malkah ... [letras hebreas]), pero también podría haberse llamado la hija de Sheba (Betsabé ... [letras hebreas]). The point being made here is that the Hebrew term for daughter is bath [Hebrew letters]; while in a very similar mannere, the holy seventh day of Egypt - the day when the door of the Great Pyramid was opened - was called the Shab-bath [Hebrew letters]. El punto que se hace aquí es que el término hebreo para la hija es el baño [letras hebreas], mientras que en un mannere muy similar, el séptimo día santo de Egipto - el día en que la puerta de la Gran Pirámide fue inaugurado - fue llamado el Shab- baño [letras hebreas]. (Note the double 'b' emphasis that is always given to the word Shabbath, indicating the possible conjunction of the two words shab and bath.) (Tenga en cuenta la doble 'b' el énfasis que siempre se da a la palabra Shabat, lo que indica la conjunción posible de las dos palabras shab y baño.)


       In other words, the title that has been given to this lady is the exact mirror image of the holy day that she most probably officiated at. En otras palabras, el título que se le ha dado a esta señora es la imagen especular exacta de los días santos que lo más probable ofició. She was the Bath-Sheba [Hebrew letters], while the holy day itself was known as the Shab-Bath [Hebrew letters]. Ella fue la Betsabé [letras hebreas], mientras que el día santo era conocido como el Shab-Bath [letras hebreas]. The link between the rituals of the Sabbath day and the priestess who officiated at those rituals could not have been made any plainer for us - the Queen of Sheba was the Queen of the Sabbath day. El vínculo entre los rituales del día de reposo y la sacerdotisa que oficiaba los ritos no se podrían haber hecho alguna más claro para nosotros - la reina de Saba fue la reina del día de reposo.


The final point to be made here is the close relationship between this queen and the pyramids. El punto final que se hace aquí es la estrecha relación entre esta reina y las pirámides. We can see that these Sabbath rituals were intimately associated with the Giza plateau and with the Great Pyramid itself, in which case the Queen of Sheba could easily have been regarded as the Queen of the Pyramid. Podemos ver que estos rituales del sábado estaban íntimamente asociados con la meseta de Giza y la Gran Pirámide en sí, en cuyo caso la reina de Saba podría haber sido considerada como la reina de la pirámide. But since the Bible maintains that the Hyksos-Israelite god actually lived inside the Great Pyramid (Mt. Sinai), this same lady could also have been considereed to be the Queen of God or the Wife of God. Pero ya que la Biblia sostiene que el dios de los hicsos-israelita vivido realmente en la Gran Pirámide (Mt. Sinai), esta misma mujer también podría haber sido considereed para ser la reina de Dios o de la esposa de Dios.


This latter term is important, for within the twenty-first dynasty of Egypt there arose a very exalted position within the ranking of the royal family, and this was the position of God's Wife. Este último término es importante, porque dentro de la XXI dinastía de Egipto, se levantó una posición muy elevada en el ranking de la familia real, y esta era la posición de Esposa del Dios. This was a position that was normally assigned to a daughter of a Pharaoh and it is often assumed that she had to remain a virgin during her tenure, althoug she was probably allowed to resign at a later date and allow another princess to assume this position as we shall see in later chapters. Esta era una posición que le fue asignado normalmente a una hija de un faraón y se asume a menudo que había de permanecer virgen durante su mandato, althoug se le permitió probablemente a dimitir en una fecha posterior y permitir que otra princesa de asumir esta posición como veremos en capítulos posteriores.


The point about the position of God's Wife is that it was an extremely important position; so much so that the incumbent often inscribed her name within a royal cartouche, a prerogative that was normally reserved only for the king himself. El punto sobre la posición de la esposa de Dios es que era una posición muy importante, tanto es así que el operador preexistente inscrito su nombre en un cartucho real, una prerrogativa que se reservaba normalmente sólo para el propio rey. In every respect, therefore, although the God's Wife is not currently thought to have been the wife of the pharaoh, this individual would still have been considered to have been a queen. En todos los sentidos, por lo tanto, a pesar de la Esposa del Dios, no está pensado para haber sido la esposa del faraón, este individuo habría estado considera que ha sido una reina. The God's Wife was not necessarily the wife to the pharaoh, she was instead the consort of the god who lived behind the Great Door, the sheba portal. Esposa del Dios, no era necesariamente la esposa del faraón, que estaba en lugar de la consorte del dios que vivía detrás de la Gran Puerta, el portal de Saba. In short, God's Wife was the Queen of Sheba." En resumen, Esposa de Dios era la reina de Saba ".


Malcolm: The way I see it then is that Mary Magdalene was the equivalent of this priestess, God's Wife. Malcolm: A mi modo de ver, pues, que María Magdalena era el equivalente de esta sacerdotisa, Esposa de Dios. She had to be written into the gospels, and yet she could not be called the wife of Jesus. Ella tenía que ser escrito en los evangelios, y sin embargo no se podría llamar a la esposa de Jesús. This must have been a very difficult problem for the scribes and so Mary is there but played down as a loose woman. Esto debe haber sido un problema muy difícil para los escribas y así María está allí, pero restó importancia a una mujer fácil.


Reply  Message 16 of 163 on the subject 
From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 19/09/2011 16:34

ANCIENT EGYPTIAN GEODESY

The diagonal line from Memphis to Abu Roash extends to Alexandria on the northwestern edge of the Nile delta. Just as this line from Alexandria to Giza is 51.85° south of due east, the line from Port Said to Giza is 51.85° south of due west. The Port Said-Alexandria-Giza triangle has the same angular dimensions as the Great Pyramid.

The base lengths of the Great Pyramid are 440 cubits. The height is 280 cubits and the apothem (the slant height of the faces) is 356 cubits. Converted to miles, the base length is .143 miles and the slant height is .116 miles. The distance from Giza to the Port of Alexandria is just under 116 miles and the distance from Giza to Port Said is also just under 116 miles. The distance from Port Said to Alexandria is just under 143 miles. The triangle inscribing the Delta in the illustration below has the same angular dimensions and is precisely 1,000 times larger than the Great Pyramid.

The apex of the triangle is located at Giza and the two corners are a couple of miles beyond Port Said and Alexandria. As shown by the bathymetric image, the Mediterranean Sea is very shallow just beyond the delta. Prior to the final meltdown from the last Ice Age approximately 7,500 years ago, the corners of this triangle were above sea level.

Underwater ruins have recently been discovered in the immediate vicinity of the northwest corner, just outside the Port of Alexandria. All of the points along the arc in the diagram are 116 miles from Giza, 1,000 times the length of the apothem of the Great Pyramid. Textual evidence from ancient Egyptian sources refers to a predynastic capital city known as Behdet, located near the shoreline in the middle of the delta. This city has not been found in modern times and may also be located just beyond the shoreline, 116 miles from Giza.

The length of the apothem of the Great Pyramid and the length of the sides of the triangle that inscribe the delta are also precise measures of the circumference of the earth, in relation to the precession of the equinoxes. One full cycle of precession takes 25,776 years. The average length of each of the 12 astronomical ages is 2,148 years:

25,776 years ÷ 12 = 2,148 years

356 cubits converts to 611.73 feet and this converts to .11586 miles:

356 cubits x 20.62 ÷ 12 = 611.73 feet

611.73 feet ÷ 5,280 = .11586 miles

.11586 miles x 2,14800 = 24,887 miles

356,000 cubits converts to 115.86 miles.

115.86 miles x 214.8 = 24,887 miles

24,887 miles is a precise expression of the circumference of the earth.

Alexandria is located at 30° 00' east longitude and Port Said is located at 32° 19' east longitude. Halfway between the two, the Great pyramid is located at 31° 09' east longitude. The longitude of the Great pyramid was regarded as the prime meridian in the remote past. More recently, the rose line that runs through Paris, France was regarded as the prime meridian and presently the longitude of Greenwich, England is regarded as the prime meridian. Paris is located at 2° 19' east longitude. Just as 2° 19' of longitude separates Alexandria from Port Said, 2° 19' of longitude also separates Greenwich from Paris.


In 2003 Dave Parker found that the ancient Egyptian monumental centers at Giza, Amarna, Luxor and Philae are all at significant latitudes in relation to the circumference of the earth. Parker subsequently learned that Dennis Rawlins had made this same finding some years earlier. Unit fractions such as ½, ¼, etc., are known to have been a favored method of calculation in ancient Egypt. The distance from the equator to the 30th parallel is one-third of the 90° distance from the equator to the north pole. The distance from the equator to the 30th parallel is also one-twelfth of the 360° circumference of the earth. Giza is just over one mile south of the 30th parallel.

Around 1,350 B.C. Pharoah Akhenaten moved the capital of ancient Egypt from Luxor to Amarna. The ruins of Amarna extend approximately eight miles NS along the Nile. Ancient Egyptian texts indicate that the northern and southern boundaries of the city were carefully marked by boundary stelae but no trace of these boundary stelae has been found in modern times. The ancient capital city at Amarna was centered on 27° 38' N. The northern boundary of the city would have been close to to 27° 41' N The distance from 27° 41' N to the equator is one-thirteenth of the circumference of the earth:

360° ÷ 13 = 27° 41'

 

Luxor (Thebes) became the capitol of ancient Egypt after Memphis and remained an important monumental city throughout dynastic Egypt. Located at 25° 42' N, the distance from Luxor to the equator is one-fourteenth of the circumference of the earth:

360° ÷ 14 = 25° 42'

The traditional southern border of dynastic Egypt was marked by the first cataract of the Nile and the monumental city of Philae, at 24° 00' N. The distance from Philae to the equator is one-fifteenth of the circumference of the earth:

360° ÷ 15 = 24° 00'

At Nabta Playa, astronomically aligned megalithic stone circles have been dated to 4,000 B.C. Located at 22° 30' N, the distance from the equator to Nabta is ¼ of the distance from the equator to the north pole. The distance from the equator to Nabta is is also one-sixteenth of the circumference of the earth:

90° ÷ 4 = 22° 30'

360° ÷ 16 = 22° 30'

Giza is six degrees north of Philae. Six degrees is 1/15th of the distance from the equator to the north pole. Six degrees is also 1/60th of the circumference of the earth:

90° ÷ 15 = 6°

360° ÷ 60 = 6°


Eratosthenes was born in Cyrene (now Shahhat, Libya) around 276 B.C. and after studying in Alexandria and Athens he became the third director of the Library of Alexandria. He is presently referred to as the father of geodesic science and the first man to measure the earth, but in his own day his nickname was Beta, which means second. Eratosthenes' works have been lost although the titles of his major works have come down to us from secondary sources, such as his treatise On the Measurement of the Earth.

Eratosthenes heard (or read) that at noon on the summer solstice the sun shined directly into a deep well near the southern border of ancient Egypt in the city of Syene, marking the latitude of Syene as the Tropic of Cancer. Eratosthenes reported that Syene and the Tropic of Cancer were located at 23° 51' north latitude. He also reported that in Alexandria at noon on the summer solstice the sun cast a shadow with an angle of 7° 12'. This led Eratosthenes to believe that Alexandria was 7° 12' north of Syene, at 31° 03' north latitude. Eratosthenes understood that 7° 12' is 1/50th of 360°, thus 1/50th of the circumference of the earth, so he concluded that the distance from Syene to Alexandria was 1/50th of the circumference of the earth.

Eratosthenes reported that Syene was due south of Alexandria on the same meridian, and he reported that the distance from Syene to Alexandria was 5,000 stadia. The stadia that Eratosthenes referred to is in dispute. The most widespread view is that he was referring to a Greco/Roman stadia of 600 Roman feet. This stadia times 5,000 times 50 is about 15% longer than the actual circumference of the earth, which most commentators regard as a good estimate for Eratosthenes' day.

Syene is actually located at 24° 06' north latitude. The Tropic of Cancer was located at 23° 51' north latitude during the dynastic period of ancient Egypt, but by the time of Eratosthenes the tropic had moved down to 23° 45' north latitude. The sun shines directly down on an area of the earth covering one-half of one degree of latitude. When the Tropic of Cancer was at 23° 51' N, the northern edge of the sun at noon on the summer solstice would have shined directly down into the well at Syene, one-quarter of one degree north of the Tropic of Cancer. In Eratosthenes' day, the tropic had moved too far south for the sun to shine directly down into the well at Syene.

Alexandria is actually located at 31° 12' north latitude. Since the tropic was at 23° 45' north latitude in Eratosthenes' day and since the northern edge of direct downward sunlight is an additional one-quarter of one degree north, the northern edge of direct downward sunlight on the summer solstice in Eratosthenes' day would have been at 24° 00' north latitude and the angle of the shadow cast by the northern edge of the sun at noon on the summer solstice in Alexandria would have been 7° 12', just as Eratosthenes reported.

Syene is actually almost three full degrees of longitude east of Alexandria The distance from Syene to Alexandria is not 5,000 stadia regardless of what stadia is employed, because Syene is so far east of Alexandria. The reason Eratosthenes got the latitude for Alexandria wrong was because he was basing the difference on an incorrect assumption about the latitude of Syene, an incorrect assumption about the latitude of the tropic and because he was unaware that the sun shines directly down on an area one-quarte of one degree north of the tropic.

 Although the distance from Alexandria to Syene is not equal to 1/50th of the circumference of the earth, the distance from the latitude of Alexandria to the latitude of Philae, six minutes south of Syene at the southern border of ancient Egypt, is equal to 1/50th of the circumference of the earth (7° 12'). According to Livio Stecchini, the ancient Egyptians employed a stadia of 300 cubits, although this measure was not in use during Eratosthenes' day. The ancient Egyptian cubit of 20.62 inches, times 300, times 5,000 equals 488 miles. The distance due north-south from the latitude of Alexandria to the latitude of Syene is 488 miles.

Modern scholars say it is a happy coincidence that all of Eratosthenes' errors tended to cancel out, resulting in a fairly accurate measure of the circumference of the earth, even though most of his data and calculations were wrong. All of this suggests that Eratosthenes did not stray too far from accurate conclusions because he already knew from fragmentary records in the Library of Alexandria that the boundaries of ancient Egypt had originally been set at 1/50th of the circumference of the earth and that the distance from the latitude of Alexandria to the latitude of Syene was 1,500,000 cubits or 5,000 ancient Egyptian stadia. If Eratosthenes acknowledged this, it could explain the loss of all of his works even though other Greek works from before, during and after his time have survived.

Although the city of Akhenaten at Amarna was already in ruins by the time of Eratosthenes, modern excavations indicate that the southern boundary of Amarna was close to 27° 36' north latitude, precisely half-way between the latitude of Alexandria and the latitude of the southern border of ancient Egypt at Philae. The southern boundary of Amarna is 3.6° south of Alexandria, precisely 1/100th (one percent) of the 360° circumference of the earth. The southern boundary of Amarna is 3.6° north of Philae, also precisely 1/100th (one percent) of the 360° circumference of the earth.


Written around 440 B.C., chapter two of The Histories of Herodotus contains the following statement:

"From Heliopolis to Thebes is nine days' sail up the river; the distance is eighty-one schoenes, or 4860 furlongs. If we now put together the several measurements of the country we shall find that the distance along shore is, as I stated above, 3600 furlongs, and the distance from the sea inland to Thebes 6120 furlongs. Further, it is a distance of eighteen hundred furlongs from Thebes to the place called Elephantine."

Located in the middle of the Nile, Elephantine Island was a part of the ancient city of Syene. The deep well at Syene that Eratosthenes mentions is on Elephantine Island. 6120 furlongs from the sea to Thebes, plus 1800 furlongs from Thebes to Elephantine, equals 7920 furlongs from the southern border of Egypt to the sea. This is the same number as the measure of the diameter of the earth in English miles.

The length of the ancient Egyptian schoene was 12,000 cubits. Herodotus says that 81 schoenes is equal to 4860 furlongs. This is a ratio of 60:1. 1/60th of 12,000 cubits is 200 cubits, or 300 ancient Egyptian feet, for the furlong used by Herodotus. At 20.62 inches or 1.7183333 English feet per cubit, 200 cubits is 343.6666 English feet. 7920 of these furlongs is 2,721,840 English feet, or 515.5 miles. The distance, due north-south, from the northern coast of the delta at 31° 33' N, to the latitude of Syene/Elephantine ( 24° 6' N), is also 515.5 miles. However, the distance along the Nile from the northern shore of Egypt to Elephantine is much longer because of the twists and turns of the Nile. Even as the crow flies, the distance from the northern edge of the delta to Elephantine is considerably longer because Elephantine is about two degrees further east than the northernmost point of the delta.

In the modern era, the ability to accurately measure long distances along the same longitude only became possible with the advent of accurate chronometers in the 18th century A.D. It would have been impossible for Herodotus to accurately measure the length of Egypt from north to south, along the same longitude, by sailing up the Nile as he suggests. Like Eratosthenes, the accuracy of Herodotus' report suggests that his information came from older and more advanced sources.

 

Reply  Message 17 of 163 on the subject 
From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 19/09/2011 16:45

THE GREAT PYRAMID

Part One:
The Ancient Mystery Unraveled

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The Great Pyramid is the only one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World still standing. It is one of the oldest structures on the face of the earth and arguably the best built. Its mortar joints are consistently 1/50 of an inch, which is incredible craftsmanship, considering that of the over two million stones that make up the Pyramid, there is no stone weighing less than a ton, most weighing about two and a half, and some as much as 20 tons! The Pyramid covers over 13 acres and is solid masonry, not hollow or earth-filled like the Central American pyramids.

The Great Pyramid here demonstrates the remarkable character of its placement on the face of the Earth. Joseph Seiss and others have demonstrated that the Pyramid lies in the center of gravity of the continents. It also lies in the exact center of all the land area of the world, dividing the earth's land mass into approximately equal quarters. The north-south axis (31 degrees east of Greenwich) is the longest land meridian, and the east-west axis (30 degrees north) is the longest land parallel on the globe. There is obviously only one place that these longest land-lines of the terrestrial earth can cross, and it is at the Great Pyramid! This is incredible, one of the scores of features of this mighty structure which begs for a better explanation.

The Pyramid is at the earth's center

While being the oldest structure on the face of the earth, the Great Pyramid is the most accurately oriented, being laid out almost exactly due north, south, east, and west. Modern man's best effort, the Paris Observatory, is six minutes of a degree off true north. The Great Pyramid is only three minutes deviant and E. Raymond Capt1 claims that is due mainly to subsidence. Many architects and engineers who have studied the Pyramid's structure contend that, with all our vaunted technological prowess, we could not build the structure today. Does the theory of evolution run in reverse?

TWO SCHOOLS OF PYRAMIDOLOGY

There has been a running controversy between two groups of serious students of the Great Pyramid since Herodotus, the "father of ancient history" revived its study two thousand years after it was built. The first group believes that the Pyramid is a divine revelation, and the second group doesn't. While this latter group might be willing to conjecture that the apparent geometric marvels of the Pyramid are the result of knowledge lost with Atlantis2 or other highly advanced but now destroyed civilization, they will not accept the possibility that God used prophets to direct the building of the Great Pyramid in the way that God directed Noah to build the ark.

Proponents of the divine inspiration school have included John Greaves3 , apparently Sir Isaac Newton4 , John Taylor5 , Scotland's Astronomer Royal C. Piazzi Smyth6 , Joseph Seiss7 , J. Ralston Skinner8 , David Davidson9 , and James and Adam Rutherford10 , Those who have been skeptical of this perspective, but avid students of some form of Great Pyramidology include William Flinders Petrie11 , Sir J. Norman Lockyer12 , the "pyramid power" people including Antoine Bovis, Karl Drbal, G. Patrick Flanagan, and most modern tabloid and/or high glossy treatments of the mystery of the Pyramid including Time-Life's Mystic Places, the work of Erich von Daniken, and Humphrey Evans13 , William Fix14 , Kurt Mendelssohn15 , Max Toth16 and Peter Tompkins17 . The present work is confident that the Great Pyramid's Architect was the Creator and that its builder was the Egyptian pharaoh Cheops, also called Khufu. Cheops was directed by shepherd-prophets who, like the biblical prophets, were men who received a special calling and anointing from God.

SHEPHERD-PROPHETS

Consider these facts. The Pyramid was built in Egypt, notorious for its idolatry and polytheism. Yet Pharaoh Cheops became "arrogant towards the gods" during his reign and shut up the temples, cast out the images, and compelled even the priests to labor in the quarries. Herodotus says that the Pyramid was thirty years in building, the first ten years building prepatory works, with crews of 100,000 working on three-month shifts, and that after this thirty year period Cheops reverted to worship of the Egyptian gods. What strange power could cause such a radical thirty year break in the polytheistic habits of the Egyptians?

Herodotus extensively interviewed an Egyptian priest about the building of the pyramid and he attested that a noted stranger abode in Egypt at the time of Cheops, a shepherd, to whom rather than to Cheops the Egyptians attribute this edifice. The Egyptians call him "Philition" or "Philitis." Josephus also quotes Manetho, an Egyptian priest and scribe, who says there was a period in the Egyptian past when, by peaceable means, some "shepherd kings" had the Egyptian rulers "in their hands." Manetho said that some say they were Arabs. Seiss, with characteristically sound scholarship and reasoning, makes a case that the biblical Job was the Arabian who directed the Pharaoh in the building of the Great Pyramid. Seiss points out that the image of a pyramid is "unquestionably" the subject when God addresses Job out of the whirlwind in Job 38:

"Then the LORD answered Job from the storm. He said: 2 "Who is this that makes my purpose unclear by saying things that are not true? 3 Be strong like a man! I will ask you questions, and you must answer me. 4 Where were you when I made the earth's foundation? Tell me, if you understand. 5 Who marked off how big it should be? Surely you know! Who stretched a ruler across it? 6 What were the earth's foundations set on, or who put its cornerstone in place 7 while the morning stars sang together and all the angels shouted with joy?"

Seiss says that since YHWH's object is to convince Job of his incompetency to judge of and understand Him, it is as if the Almighty is saying: You laid the foundations of the great structure in Egypt, but where were you when I laid the foundations of the far greater pyramid of the earth? You laid the measures of the pyramid in Egypt, but who laid the measures of the earth, and stretched the line upon it? You fastened down in sockets the foundations of the pyramid in Egypt, {the Great Pyramid is built on four sockets} but whereupon are the foundations of the earth fastened? You laid the pyramid's completing capstone amid songs and jubilations, but who laid the capstone of the earth when the celestial morning angels sand together, and all the heavenly sons of God shouted for joy?

In our day the idea of shepherds being special agents of God in the building of a monumental structure would be ludicrous in the extreme. Such is our age. The fault line of commentators referred to above is sharp, because the difference between faith and unbelief is the difference between light and darkness. The Bible says that God revealed to shepherds some of the most important information ever given to humankind:

Luke 2:8-15: That night, some shepherds were in the fields nearby watching their sheep. 9 Then an angel of the Lord stood before them. The glory of the Lord was shining around them, and they became very frightened. 10 The angel said to them, "Do not be afraid. I am bringing you good news that will be a great joy to all the people. 11 Today your Savior was born in the town of David. He is Christ, the Lord. 12 This is how you will know him: You will find a baby wrapped in pieces of cloth and lying in a feeding box." 13 Then a very large group of angels from heaven joined the first angel, praising God and saying: 14 "Give glory to God in heaven, and on earth let there be peace among the people who please God." 15 When the angels left them and went back to heaven, the shepherds said to each other, "Let's go to Bethlehem. Let's see this thing that has happened which the Lord has told us about."

Abraham was also a shepherd, like Job, wealthy with flocks and herds. How is it that he was brought to the attention of the pharaoh of Egypt and the King of Gerar in his travels?18 Was it simply that Sarah, his wife, was so pretty? The Jewish records say that Abraham was learned in the science of astrology and with his elaborate knowledge of the heavens and their meanings he attracted the attention of these kings. We know from the biblical record that God communicated with the shepherd Abraham many times, several times using the "stars" as a teaching vehicle. YHWH Himself directed Abraham's eyes toward the heavens, indirectly corroborating the Jewish oral tradition that says Abraham was a gifted astrologer:19

Gen 15:5 "And he brought him forth abroad, and said, 'Look now toward heaven, and tell the stars, if thou be able to number them': and he said unto him, 'So shall thy seed be.'"

The eye of faith sees it as a real and distinct, not vain and imagined, possibility that the Pyramid was directed by shepherds guided by Divine wisdom. Such faith offers a sufficient explanation of what would otherwise be the dilemma posed by the advanced knowledge and technology exhibited by the Pyramid. It is with those who do not accept the Divine authorship of the Pyramid with whom the burden rests for a better explanation.

THE PLACE OF THE PYRAMID IN THE BIBLE

There is a biblical reference to the Great Pyramid which is instructive:

Isa 19:19-20 "At that time there will be an altar for the LORD in the middle of Egypt and a monument to the LORD at the border of Egypt. 20 This will be a sign and a witness to the LORD All-Powerful in the land of Egypt. When the people cry to the LORD for help, he will send someone to save and defend them. He will rescue them from those who hurt them."

Notice that there is a reference to an "altar" and a "monument" that will be in Egypt. The location of this "altar" and "monument" is sketched in terms which seem to be contradictory; it will be at the "border" of Egypt at the same time it will be in the "middle" of Egypt. The apparent contradiction offers a chance to pinpoint the identity of this "monument" since few candidates would be able to be both the "border" of something, and also its "middle."

Note the horizontal line below the bottom of the delta quadrant.


The Pyramid is at the center AND the border of Egypt

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This represents the border between the two countries making up ancient Egypt: Lower Egypt (the delta) and Upper Egypt (the South). The Great Pyramid is at the border of Upper and Lower Egypt. Yet this is also the center of the land of Egypt if the two ancient countries be viewed as one, a single Egypt. Note also that the Pyramid is at the center of the natural quadrant formed by the regular curvature of the delta. It is also at the center of present Egypt in that Cairo is the capital of the country and at the center of its business and cultural life. It is also at the border of ancient Egypt in still another way.

The Great Pyramid is sometimes called the "Great Pyramid of Gizeh". "Gizeh" means "border', thus indicating in still another way that the Pyramid is associated with a "border". The name "Gizeh" is probably drawn from the fact that anciently the borders of Egypt were considered to extend as far as the watered, green areas all along the Nile. The desert outside this fertile strip was not really part of the country. Thus the division line between fertile strip and desert is the natural "border" of Egypt. It is along this "border" that the Pyramid is situated. Thus by two separate sets of triple confirmation, the Great Pyramid answers the apparent riddle of being at both the border and center of Egypt. To find any other object or concept fulfilling this prophecy's specifications would be extremely unlikely. The Biblical standard of proof, given at Deuteronomy 19:15 and affirmed in the New Testament (at Matt. 18:16 and 2 Corin. 13:1) has been met:

"One witness shall not rise up against a man for any iniquity, or for any sin, in any sin that he sinneth: at the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three witnesses, shall the matter be established." (Deut. 19:15)

The Pyramid is certainly a "pillar" as the text calls for, and also an "altar" in the sense of being a witness to the Lord. This sense for "altar," as a structure of witness and not for offering sacrifices, is used several times in Scripture, such as this reference in Joshua 22:

26 Therefore we said, Let us now prepare to build us an altar, not for burnt offering, nor for sacrifice: 27 But that it may be a witness between us, and you, and our generations after us,

An interesting occurrence of gematria also helps pinpoint the Great Pyramid as God's special revelation. Here is the Hebrew of the Pyramid text, Isaiah 19:19, 20:

The Hebrew of Isaiah 19:19,20

Gematria is the science of finding meaning in the numerical value of words. In the Hebrew language each individual letter has a numerical value. Thus every word has the numerical value of the sum of the value of its letters. If one adds up the numerical value of all the Hebrew characters in the Great Pyramid text the value is 5449. This is the height in inches of the Great Pyramid!

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THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE PYRAMID

The Great Pyramid has been called "the Bible in stone" because its passage systems reveal geometrically, in line and symbol, the same profound spiritual truths and plan of salvation specific to the Bible, as will be seen as this study unfolds. And just as there are time prophecies of significance in the Bible, the Pyramid's silent geometry reveals a remarkable chronography, prophetic time in stone.

The challenge to deciphering the prophetic scale is deciphering what measure of length equals what measure of time. The key to this scale is given in the Pyramid, in the upper horizontal passage system's first ante-chamber, in what is known as "Enoch's circle." Enoch was translated when he was 365 years old. A circle is a symbol of eternity and Enoch thus "entered eternity" at 365. The circle formed in that first antechamber, defined by the floor and the two hanging walls measures 365.25 inches.

The Pyramid speaks with geometry, not words

The term "inch" is probably ultimately derived from Enoch's name, for he was bestowed with many secrets of knowledge and filled with the spirit of prophecy. Being a student of mensuration, and probably the pre-eminent "father" of that discipline, it is fitting for the "inch", the basis of the English system of measures, to be a memorial of the prophet Enoch. This is rather like Lincoln finding his place on every American penny. Enoch stands as a symbol for the character and faith which must be obtained by those who would pass through earth's final ordeals and be translated at last when the Messiah returns at the end of this present wicked age. With the scale of an inch for a year, the Pyramid yields its chronography.

That a linear measure could represent a time period is alluded to by Jesus Himself in the Sermon on the Mount. The Savior asks at Matthew 6:27, "Which of you by taking thought can add one cubit unto his stature?"

The Greek for "stature" indicates "age-length," not linear length. Jesus is not giving a formula for how to grow a basketball star, of seven-foot-plus stature, but rather is asking, "Which of you by worrying can add one 'cubit' of time to his life-span?" One authority claims that Jesus' association here of a time measure and a linear measure is the only such usage in all of ancient Greek literature. While the point Jesus is making is that worry is fruitless, he is secondarily mixing a metaphor which yields the interesting equation that length can equal age. This simple idea will be plugged into part two of our study of the Pyramid.

http://greatpyramid.org/aip/gr-pyr1.htm


Reply  Message 18 of 163 on the subject 
From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 19/09/2011 17:00

Ancient Scientific Knowledge


(2009-12-11)     The [First] Theorem of Thales
The  fundamental  theorem of (classical) geometry.

Quand l'ombre de l'homme sera égale à l'homme,
l'ombre de la Pyramide sera égale à la Pyramide.

 Bernard Lefèbvre,  lecturing on  Thales  (1973)

Thales of Miletus  was born in the seventh century BC.  An engineer by trade, he is the first of the  Seven Sages of Greece.  Thales is credited with the first rational speculations about Nature  (natural philosophy).

The advent of natural philosophy was a fundamental step on the way to a real understanding of Nature, compared to the primitive approach of "explaining" everything by divine intervention  (a viewpoint which is arguably still with us, unfortunately).  This became  modern physics  only with the revolutionary introduction of the  scientific method  of comparing speculations and observations!

Thales is also touted as the founder of  classical geometry,  although some of it predates him  (including the construction with straightedge and compass of the circle circumscribed to a triangle, by the Phrygian mathematician Euphorbus).

Legend has it that Thales was asked to tell the height of the  Pyramid  (possibly, the Pyramid of Cheops).  His answer came down to me  (via my high-school philosophy teacher)  in the eloquent form quoted at the beginning of this section.  Consider the  shadow  of the Pyramid and the shadow of a man  (or, rather, the shadow of a vertical pole whose height is easy to measure).  Here's the key:

[First]  Theorem of Thales :  If the corresponding sides of two triangles are parallel, the trianles are  similar  and the lengths of their sides are  proportional.

[ Pause ]

How does this help?  The two shadows may be proportional to the two heights and we can quickly measure the shadow and the height of the vertical pole  but  we know  neither  the height of the Pyramid nor the length of its shadow!  Think about it:  You are by yourself in this flat desert with your graduated yardstick next to a pole of known height.  How can you find the height of the Great Pyramid?

[ Answer ]

For over two millenia, the geometry of Thales, which would be formalized by Euclid three centuries later, was thought to apply to our  physical  Universe.  The universe of classical geometry is postulated to be homogeneous  (Euclid's  fourth postulate  states that all right angles are equal)  and unaffected by scaling  (a statement equivalent to Euclid's  fifth postulate).

The scale invariance of the microscopic Universe was questioned by the ancient Greeks  (Democritus did speculate the existence of indivisible "atoms" with a definite size)  but it was thought to be an idiosyncracy of the  content  of the Universe...  Noneuclidean geometries were not even considered before the 19-th century.  However, we know now that the large-scale structure of our physical Universe is indeed noneuclidean  (this is a consequence of  General Relativity).  Yet, this conclusion could not have been reached without the likes of Thales and Euclid who set an ideal to compare against.

 


(2006-10-19)     Obliquity of the Ecliptic
Latitude of the Tropic of Cancer.  Tilt of the Earth's axis of rotation.

Local  high noon  is the middle of the solar day.  It's when the Sun casts the shortest shadows.  On the summer solstice (June) and on the winter solstice (December)  the Sun's rays make two different angles with the local vertical.  The difference between these angles is always  twice  the  obliquity of the ecliptic.

Claudius Ptolemy (AD 87-165) reports that  Eratosthenes of Cyrene  (276 BC-194 BC)  had estimated the obliquity of the Ecliptic to be:

11/83 of a half circle (180°)   =   23.8554°   =   23°51'20". 

Eratosthenes, was merely 8' off the mark, which is typical of the uncertainty in good angular measurements from antiquity (0.2°). It turns out that the  obliquity of the ecliptic  changes slowly over time, but its value in the times of Eratosthenes (i.e., when he was in his late thirties) can be accurately estimated to be  23°43'30", by putting T = -22.4 in this modern formula:

23°26'21.45" - 46.815" T - 0.0006" T2 + 0.00181" T3  

The above is a standard approximation for the mean obliquity of the ecliptic, as a function of the time T counted from "January 1.5" of the year 2000 and expressed in "Julian centuries" of exactly 36525 days.

This means that, in the time of Eratosthenes, the Tropic of Cancer was about 17 nautical miles (30 km)  north of its current (2006) latitude of 23°26'18". 

The above formula also says that the Tropic of Cancer was at the latitude quoted by Eratosthenes  (11p/83)  around 1347 BC.  Some have argued, backwards, that Eratosthenes did not measure the obliquity himself  (with a respectable accuracy for that period)  but used extremely accurate data from those earlier times...  This is either far-fetched or completely ludicrous.


(2006-11-06)     The Ancient Wells of Syene
A vertical well in Syene is completely sunlit only once a year...

This ancient observation may have been part of the Egyptian folklore in the times of Eratosthenes.  Exactly  how ancient  an observation could that be?

The latitude of Syene (modern Aswan) is  about 24°06'N.  From the surface of the Earth, the radius of the Sun is seen at an angle of about 15'.

We're essentially told that the edge of the Sun was lighting up the entire bottom of a vertical well at Syene, just for a brief moment at noon on the summer solstice.  So, the center of the Sun must have been directly overhead at a point exactly 15 angular minutes (15 nautical miles) to the south.

Therefore, the latitude of the Tropic of Cancer must have been 23°51' at the time of the reports, if we assume they are perfectly accurate.  The above formula says that this happened about 33 centuries ago:  Around 1300 BC.

However, as the verticality of a well is certainly of limited precision,  that date doesn't mean much.  The legendary observations could be made even today with a well that's tilted by less than half a degree in the proper direction...  Any casual (or not-so-casual) observer will swear such a well to be "vertical".


(2006-10-14)     252 000 stadia around   (700 stadia per degree)
The size of the Earth, according to Eratosthenes (276-194 BC).
 
   850 km from Alexandria   to Syene (Aswan)

Eratosthenes of Cyrene  became librarian of the  Great Library of Alexandria  around 240 BC, when his teacher Callimachus died.

Eratosthenes knew the above story about the wells of Syene.  He took that to mean that the Sun was directly overhead at noon on the summer solstice in Syene (modern Aswan).  This is almost true, because Syene is  almost  on the  Tropic of Cancer.  Eratosthenes did not know about the slow evolution with time of the latitude of the Tropic of Cancer and he took the above at face value.  Let's do the same (slight) mistake by using the modern map at right, as if Eratosthenes were alive today...  From his own location in Alexandria, Eratosthenes saw that, at noon on the summer solstice, the Sun's rays were tilted 1/50 of a full circle from the zenith  (i.e., 7.2° from the local vertical).  If we assume that Syene is due south from Alexandria, this says that the distance from Alexandria to Syene is 1/50 of the Earth circumference  (a posteriori, that's only 6% off).

The error from the difference in longitude between the two cities roughly compensates the error which places Syene on the Tropic of Cancer.  That's because, as the above map shows, the meridian of Alexandria  (about 30°E)  crosses the Tropic of Cancer at a point which is about the same distance from Alexandria as Syene (Aswan).

As the distance between Alexandria and Syene, was reputed to be 5000 stadia, Eratosthenes estimated the circumference of the Earth to be  250 000 stadia.  This estimate was then rounded up to  700 stadia  per degree, which corresponds actually to  252 000 stadia  for the whole circumference  (360°).

http://www.numericana.com/answer/ancient.htm


Reply  Message 19 of 163 on the subject 
From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 19/09/2011 17:04
The Piri-Resi Map: (Prehistoric Cartography)

P

otentially one of the most significant finds of modern time as it is clearly dated 1513 AD and shows both the coastlines of the American and debatably, the Antarctic coastline (which has been frozen over since around 4,000 BC). This map alters all previous conceptions of our pre-historic ancestors abilities.  The 'Piri-Reis' map is one of several 'portellano's' which appear to have a geometric basis of unknown provenance. It has several interesting features which deserve investigation, such as:-

 

The map has  pre-Columbian provenance.

The map shows the coastline of America.

The map shows accurate use of Longitude and Latitude.

The map-builders used 'Spherical geometry'.

The map centres at the junction of the 23.5˚ parallel (Tropic of cancer), and the longitude of Alexandria.

 

 

   The Discovery:

In 1929, a section of a world map drawn by the Turkish Admiral Reis (Piri-reis), was found in the basement of a museum in Constantinople. The map was of immediate interest as it appeared to show the coastlines of South America and Africa at their correct relative longitudes and latitudes, and the legend on the map dated it to 'Muharran' in the Moslem year 919 (1513 AD), only 20 years after the official discovery of the Americas by Columbus in 1492. The legend on the map itself however, gave it an origin far older than 20 years,  revealing that it was a section of a world map composed from more than twenty source maps, some drawn in the time of Alexander the great, and that 'some were based on mathematics' (4). The fact that there was no known means of accurately calculating longitude in 1513 AD led Prof. Charles Hapgood to examine the map further.

Hapgood's research led him to make several fundamental conclusions; Firstly, he confirmed that the coastlines of the continents had been accurately plotted with regards to both latitude and longitude. Secondly, he determined that the co-ordinates had been mathematically converted from natures spherical model to fit the two dimensional representation of a map, (a method similar in principle to Mercator’s projection). Thirdly, he showed that a connection existed between this map and several other ancient portolano’s and mappa-mundi, some of which included the outline of the Antarctic continent. These facts led Hapgood to suggest the existence of a set of knowledge from a time before the Greeks, and placed a question mark over the origin of sciences such as geometry, geography and cartography, traditionally accredited to the Greeks.

 

   Geometry and Longitude:

The presence of a Mercatorial projection on such old maps is significant as such high levels of geometry had not been seen since the time of the Greeks and it was not until the work of Gerald Mercator in 1569, that European’s began to include a projection for the curvature of the earth into their maps. We can be fairly sure that the inclusion of such a projection was not the work of Piri-reis, as he left several cartographic errors of his own (such as skewed sections of coastline, and the duplication of the Amazon river), which testified to the fact that the Piri-reis map is actually a montage of other maps, and he admitted himself that his world map was ‘composed with the use of other source-maps'  which therefore already included the projection. An association of such knowledge even as far back as the Greeks, is in itself, an achievement worthy of merit.

We can see that the horizontal lines on the map are geographically (and astronomically) significant, with the Equatorial line sitting correctly between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, both of which are also marked with ‘Rose des vents’. The inclusion of vertical lines marking the correct longitudinal separation between the African and South American continents identifies the map as having a cylindrical projection, a feature which is not seen on maps before this time, or for another fifty years until Mercator presented his map to the world. This identification of the Tropics within the geometry of the map confirms the suspicion that a knowledge of astronomy was available to the original cartographer, who also used the Tropic of Cancer to mark the geographic centre of the map (4).

The calculation of latitude is a relatively easy procedure requiring only a single observation of the height of the sun from the horizon, the length of a shadow or the height of the pole star in the sky, whereas the calculation of longitude is a more complicated figure to deduce. It is because of this that off-shore navigation was for a long time at best educated guesswork (dead-reckoning), a situation which became an anathema to the European scientific community for several hundred years, managing to elude some of the greatest scientific minds of the time (Galileo and Newton included), and it was not until 1760 that success was eventually realised in the shape of a precision ships-clock or chronometer, and world maps were re-charted accurately, and apparently for the first time. The development of such a timepiece meant that if a sailor reset a ships-clock at noon each day, and compared the difference between that clock and another unadjusted clock from a known longitude, the difference between the two could be translated into longitude (as each four minutes of difference between the two clocks translates into a single degree of longitude).

Apart from the possible exception to the Antykithera find, which may have functioned as an ‘astrolabe', the Greeks were known to have calculated longitude with the use of astronomy, as did several other cultures in history. A record from 14th century China states that ‘Wang Da Yuan achieved a transoceanic passage from Mozambique to Sri Lanka using a combination of compass and star linked positions called gouyang Qianxing to determine latitude and longitude’ (28).   

We know that this level of astronomy was not generally available in the west, and a workable means of calculating longitude was apparently still not known in Europe at 1540 AD, when the German astronomer Johanes Werner first proposed using the moon as a location indicator (19). (If an eclipse is predicted at a location at a certain time and one experiences the eclipse an hour earlier, then one knows that they are positioned 15 degrees east of their original location). While this system works well in the presence of an eclipse, their infrequency makes them impracticable as a method for sailors to use ‘on demand’, and relies on an accurate reading of the time of eclipse at both locations.

Apart from the fact that the map is dated at 1513 AD, long before the discovery of such an accurate method of calculation, Piri-reis himself states in the legend that it was a composite of several older maps, including some drawn ‘in the days of Alexander, Lord of the Two Horns..’, some ‘…Arabic Jaferiyes…’ and one ‘...drawn by Columbo in the western region’. With regards this latter contribution from Columbus, he adds that ..

‘…it is reported thus, that a Genoese infidel, his name was Columbo, who discovered these places. For instance, a book fell into the hands of the said Columbo, and he found it said in this book that at the western end of the Western sea (Atlantic) that is, on its western side, there were coasts and islands and all kinds of metals and precious stones. Columbo having studied this book thoroughly, explained these matters one by one to the Greats of Genoa…’ (4).

We therefore have several suggestions that this map at least, includes a set of knowledge that predates the European renaissance of the sciences which followed the intellectual vacuum of the ‘Dark-ages’ under the shadow of the ‘Holy church of Rome’ (a time when science was rejected as witchcraft and the world was believed flat). If it is the case that all the continents of the world were accurately charted onto a world map before this time, it would be an historic achievement and worthy of recognition in its own right, and it is the very presence of one of the continents that has generated the most debate. The  coastline of the Antarctic continent appears accurately on several ancient maps although it has been covered by several miles of ice-pack from a time long before the Greek empire and the first officially recognised world map by Ptolemy in 150 AD. (19).

 

 

   The Antarctic Coastline:

'Terra Australis Incognita'

The Antarctic coastline (Terra Australis Incognita):

The recognition of the Antarctic continent on certain ancient world-maps may well turn out to be Hapgood’s most significant discovery as, apart from the fact that there is no record of anyone ever having charted the continent, it is a feat said by geologists to have been last physically possible only through a window of opportunity between 10,000 BC and 4,000 BC (4), a date that was arrived at through analysis of core samples taken from the Ross sea-bed, which established that sub-tropical flora and fauna were present on Antarctica during these dates, and following which a severe climatic shift resulted in the region freezing over. The conclusion of this fact is that the cartographers of the map would have had to have charted that region no later than 4,000 BC, (before the coastline froze over).

The presence of the Antarctic continent on the Piri-reis map is in debate, with suggestions that the bottom tip of the south American continent was simply ‘squeezed’ on, following a miss-judgment in size by Piri-reis. Regardless of this, there are other ancient maps which clearly do have the outline of the continent on them, with both Gerard Mercator's map of 1569 AD and the Oronteus Finaeus map of 1532 AD (right), also showing the coastline, and the Hadji Ahmed map of 1559 AD, which not only has Antarctica with a correct Mercatorial projection but also shows a land bridge between the Bering straits, re-enforcing  the suggestion of an antiquitous origin. The specific division of the Antarctic continent into two smaller land-masses on these ancient maps is similarly a mystery as it was only at the end of the 20th century that we were finally able to determine (through satellite technology) the accurate outline of the Antarctic continent, which was found to be identical to those seen on some of the oldest surviving maps of the world.

Hapgood’s research led him to identify another feature common to several ancient maps which was that the Antarctic continent occasionally appears greatly enlarged with details along the coastline remaining consistent to scale. It was through this particular finding that Hapgood realised that the line called the 'Circulus Antarcticus' which appears on maps at this time was the same as the 80th parallel on modern maps (made with a Mercatorial projection), and he suggested from this that the original maps had been made with a Mercatorial projection and divided into units of 10 degrees from a division of the globe into 360°, he then concluded that this original map was then later copied without realising that it already contained a mathematical compensation for the loss of curvature, which without a proper understanding of the lines on the map, resulted in an exaggeration of the land mass by around 4 times its actual size.

There are several significant implications attached to the discovery of Antarctica on such old maps. In particular, the use of longitude, along with its conversion onto a two-dimensional representation implies a knowledge of a round world, and the determination of both the poles and equator provides the information necessary to calculate the size of the Earth. In addiction, the first recorded sighting of 'Terra Australis' was by Magellan in 1520, appearing on the Oronteus Finaeus map of 1532 (above). The inscription on the 1570 map by Ortelius 'Terra australis recenter inventa sed nondum plene cognita', suggests that the landmass was still  essentially unknown at that time, as does the 1688 map below.

However unlikely it seems therefore, or until new evidence emerges, we are forced to accept that any world map including an accurate representation of the Antarctic coastline would have had to have been charted before the last time it froze over, and therefore from a source as yet unknown, and with the radio-carbon evidence from the Ross-sea core-samples showing that the continent has been covered by ice since around 4,000 BC, it is closer to this period in time that we are forced to look.

Other Maps of the Antarctic continent.

 

This 1688 world map illustrates the level of ignorance in Europe at that time.

 

 

 

   The Origin of the Map:

The connection between the Piri-reis map and Constantinople led him to speculate on the possibility that the map may have had its roots in the store-house of knowledge, libraries etc that existed there until the 12th century when the city was sacked by the Christian crusaders, and following which a series of maps with an identical geometric fingerprint, began to appear in Europe and the Middle-east. The presence of the same fingerprint in certain Greek maps and the information in the legend of the Piri-reis map that it included sections composed in ‘the time of Alexander’, led him to suggest that these originals must in turn have originated from the renowned Library of Alexander (founded in 330 BC and sacked by the Muslims in 641 AD).

As we know that the outline of the South American continent hadn’t been completely charted by 1513AD, we are safe in assuming that Columbos contribution of his map of the Caribbean islands most likely served as a confirmation to Piri-reis when he made his map. He would also had had available to him a strong Middle-eastern tradition of astronomy and geometry with records of longitude from the Middle-east stating that in ‘1267 the Arab astronomer Zamaruddin built the first wooden global sphere with latitudes and longitudes and correct ratio sea/land of 70/30’ (28).  Further east, there is evidence that longitude was understood and used by the Chinese slightly ahead of this, with the concept of longitude shown to be understood at least as far back as 1092 AD, as shown in the star chart published by a Chinese mechanical engineer of the Son Dynasty called Su Song, (right), which includes a ‘Mercatorial’ projection of the heavens. We also have the evidence of a carved map from 1137 AD, which shows the outline of China at its  correct longitudes and latitudes and a record from the 14th century, that ‘Wang Da Yuan achieved a transoceanic passage from Mozambique to Sri Lanka using a combination of compass and star linked positions called gouyang Qianxing to determine latitude and longitude’ (28). From the same source, we are offered a map of the world from a Chinese called Zeng He, drawn in 1418 AD (with a meridian at Nanjing), but even the earliest Chinese records appear long after the time of ‘Alexander the Great’, and Hapgood’s theory of a common source from the time of the Greeks must be taken seriously.

We can see that the Greeks had the technical ability to create such a map, with records of a knowledge of a spherical earth from Pythagoras of Samos (580-500 BC), and the first definite known use of longitude in the great ‘Geographica’ world atlas made by Claudius Ptolemy in 150 AD. Although Ptolemy’s work was lost for over a thousand years, a copy without maps surfaced around 1300 AD, and the thousands of references to place names, most of which included coordinates, enabled re-creations of Ptolemy’s maps to be made, with printed copies on sale in Bologna by 1477 AD, making it likely that Admiral Reis made us of these for his world map. Sobel (19), states that Ptolemy was known to have used both longitude and latitude for the 27 maps of his first world atlas, and although she mentions that 'Lines of latitude and longitude began criss-crossing our worldview in ancient times, at least three centuries before the birth of Christ', she offers no further information to qualify this statement.

The legend on the Piri-reis map states that several maps from the ‘days of Alexander’ (356–323 BC), were used to compose the map, and although Ptolemy lived around 200 years after Alexander, it is well known that he, for example, relied greatly on the authority of earlier sources for his maps (19), with references to ‘Marinos of Tyre’ having been cited in Geographica by Ptolemy himself, which might explain why he broke from tradition, and placed his zero longitude 'meridian' through the 'Fortunate Isles' (Canary Isles), along the western edge of Africa, as only one other person before him had; the aforesaid Marinos of Tyre, from Lebanon, who placed his zero latitude at approximately 36° N, sending it directly through the straits of Gibraltar and into ancient Nimrud (36° 06’ N). We can see however that other earlier eminent Greek cartographers such as Eratosthenes (276–194 BC), who was appointed as librarian of the Alexandrian library in 236 BC, and who is known to have used all the material available to him to create a world map to correct the Greek perception of the world at his time, used Alexandria for his meridian. He also used only 60 degrees of separation called Hexacontades, with the Babylonian division of a circle not being officially introduced to Greece until the second century BC by Hipparcus of Rhodes (190–120 BC).

 

Name of Cartographer

Zero Longitude

Zero Latitude

 

 

 

Eratosthenes (236 BC)

Alexandria

Alexandria

Marinos of Tyre

Canary Isles

Nimrud (36° 06’ N)

Ptolemy (150 AD)

Canary Isles

Equator.

Mercator

London (0°) (23° 30' N)

 

 

 

   The Centre of the Map:

 

Latitude of Aswan (Syene, Swenet) - 24 5' 23"

Tropic of cancer today (2000 AD) - 32 26' 22"

(Tropic currently decreasing by 0.47" per year - (ref Wilkipedia)

Distance in degrees between Aswan and current tropic = 39' or (2,340")

2,340 / 0.47 = 4978.7 yrs (approx 3,000 BC)

In conclusion then, what we appear to have in these ancient maps, are copied fragments of earlier maps based on a 'sophisticated understanding of the spherical trigonometry of map projections' (4), which, by their own testimony trace back at least to the time of the Greeks, but with a suggestion that certain facts and figures may have been passed down to them from the Egyptians and other sources. They are clearly the result of a deliberate and successful exercise at mapping the world, and as yet, the presence of the Antarctic continent on any map before the 16th century has yet to be explained, as does the high level of mathematics and geometry involved in such an undertaking.

 

Ancient Cartography  ۞  Egyptian Geodesy

(Prehistoric Turkey)

 

 

http://www.ancient-wisdom.co.uk/pirireismap.htm

The fact that the map centered on the region of Syene is of great interest, as we know that Eratosthenes was aware of the significance of this latitude in his estimates of the earth, and strongly suggests that he was privy to Egyptian knowledge of geodesy and astronomy.

Eratosthenes knew that on the summer solstice at local noon in the Ancient Egyptian city of Swenet (known in Greek as Syene) on the Tropic of Cancer , the sun would appear at the zenith, directly overhead. He also knew, from measurement, that in his hometown of Alexandria, the angle of elevation of the Sun would be 1/50 of a full circle (7°12') south of the zenith at the same time. Assuming that Alexandria was due north of Syene he concluded that the distance from Alexandria to Syene must be 1/50 of the total circumference of the Earth.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swenet)

It is clear from the 19th cent. reproduction of Eratosthenes map (below) that the Piri-reis map shows no similarity to it whatsoever. However, it is interesting to note that while Alexandria marks the centre point on the map, it is the latitude of Syene which is used to denote the latitude of the tropic of cancer (note on left margin). It seems then, that he too used a latitude with an astronomical significance which no longer applied at his time.

 

There have been several suggestions that geodetic measurements were observed in Egypt before the Greeks, and it is possible that Eratosthenes had some of this available to him. Strabo the Geographer, stated that ‘the science of land-measuring originated along the Nile in Egypt', from a necessity to record the boundaries of the nomes (provinces) of the country, and it is suspected from the placement of sacred Egyptian cities and shrines that a knowledge of the earth as a globe, its dimensions and a division into 360°, existed in ancient Egypt, as seem in the Piri-reis map but not by Eratosthenes, who divided the globe into 60 divisions (of 6°).

Although only the left-third of the map now remains, the remaining 'Rose des vents' on the map enabled Hapgood to project for the cartographic centre (see below), which was calculated to fall in 'the region of Syene', in Egypt, and following a series of more accurate tests he determined that the centre of the map was situated on the ancient Tropic of Cancer, and on the same Meridian as later Alexandria (at 30° longitude).

 

Centre of Piri-reis map - (24° 06’ N, 30° 00’ E)

This particular latitude has a significance as it was in Syene, on Elephant island that there existed a large well which was known to Eratosthenes to have cast no shadow on the midday summer solstice. Even at the time of Eratoshtenes this fact was no longer true due to the change in angle of the solstice shadow over time. In fact, at the time of Eratosthenes (276 BC - 194 BC), the Tropic of Cancer was around 23° 43’ N , and the region of Syene, or Aswan, which is situated at 24° 5' 23" N, would have only worked in the way described at around 3,000 BC (See calculation below).

The fact that the centre of the map changes with each cartographer offers us a means of being able to determine more about its origin. As the Piri-reis map was found to centre in the region of Syene, along the same longitude as Alexandria (founded in 332 BC), it would suggest that the original cartographer had an affinity with this particular longitude, as did Eratosthenes, the maker of the earliest recorded Greek world map, who also made the first accurate calculation the circumference of the world. It is strongly suspected that he was assisted in these accomplishments through the availability of earlier knowledge collected and housed in the Library of Alexandria. We now turn to the centre of the Piri-reis map which, as it turns out not only holds the key to its own origin, but at the same time points to a fundamental historical moment of human endeavor, one that has hitherto passed unrecognised.  

D

uring his investigation, Hapgood came to realise that several other ancient maps (such as the Dulcert Portellano of 1339 AD), also appeared to display evidence of longitude and latitude, and included the same mathematical lines of projection known as the ‘Twelve wind system’. His researches led him to compare ancient ‘portelano’ maps with several mappa-mundii which emerged in the middle-ages, concluding that many of them were 'almost unaltered copies of the same original' (4). 

 


Reply  Message 20 of 163 on the subject 
From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 19/09/2011 17:08

Eratóstenes mide el radio de la Tierra

 

        Eratóstenes nació en Cirene en el año 276 a. C y se cree que era de origen caldeo. Fue matemático, astrónomo y geógrafo. Alrededor del año 255 a. C fue nombrado director de la Biblioteca de Alejandría por el rey Ptolomeo Evegetes. Trabajó con problemas de matemáticas, como la duplicación del cubo y los números primos. Hemos podido conocer algo de sus trabajos, merced a comentarios y citas de otros autores.

        Una de sus principales contribuciones a la ciencia y a la astronomía fue su trabajo sobre la medición de la Tierra. Estando en la Biblioteca de Alejandría, encontró un informe de observaciones sobre Siena, ciudad situada a unos 800 Km. al sur de Alejandría, en el que se decía que el día del solsticio de verano (21 de junio) a mediodía, los objetos (como por ejemplo, los obeliscos) no producían sombra y en el fondo de los pozos podía verse la luz del sol. Esto se debe a que está ciudad está sobre la línea del trópico (en realidad, 33' al norte del Trópico de Cáncer)

 

        Eratóstenes realizó observó que, en Alejandría, el mismo día y a la misma hora no se producía este mismo hecho. Asumió de manera correcta que el Sol se encontraba a gran distancia y que sus rayos, al alcanzar la tierra, lo hacían en forma (prácticamente) paralela. Esto ratificaba su idea de que la superficie de la Tierra era curva pues, de haber sido plana, no se hubiese producido esta diferencia entre las dos ciudades. El siguiente paso fue medir en Alejandría el ángulo que formaban los rayos del sol con la vertical que por construcción es igual al ángulo cuyo vértice está en el centro de la Tierra (ver gráfico superior). Este ángulo resulto ser de 7º 12' ( = 7'2º) que unido al hecho conocido de que la distancia entre las dos ciudades era de 5.000 estadios, dieron como conclusión que la circunferencia de la Tierra medía 360·5000/7'2; es decir, 250.000 estadios. Aunque no se tienen datos exactos, se sabe que el estadio equivale a unos 160m (actualmente se suele tomar 158m). Por tanto, 250.000 estadios son aproximadamente 250.000*160/1000 = 40.000 Km. Esto equivale a un radio de 6.366 Km. o 6.286 si tomamos los 158m, contra los 6.371 Km. que son los admitidos hoy en día.

        Las únicas herramientas de Eratóstenes fueron palos, ojos, pies y cerebro, y además el gusto por la experimentación. Con estos elementos dedujo la circunferencia de la Tierra con un error bastante pequeño, lo que constituye un logro notable para el año en que tuvo lugar.

        Otros logros suyos son: la creación de uno de los calendarios más avanzados de su época y una historia cronológica del mundo desde la guerra de Troya. Realizó investigaciones en geografía dibujando mapas del mundo conocido, grandes extensiones del río Nilo y describió la región de Eudaimon, actual Yemen, en Arabia.

        Suidas afirma que, desesperado tras perder la vista, se dejó morir de hambre a la edad de ochenta años (año 194 a.C., en Alejandría)

http://mimosa.pntic.mec.es/jgomez53/matema/practica/eratostenes.htm


Reply  Message 21 of 163 on the subject 
From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 19/09/2011 17:11

Eratóstenes y la circunferencia terrestre

 
Hoy vamos a ver el primer experimento de una serie de tres que comentaré en sucesivos días y que fueron bastante decisivos en la historia de la ciencia. Los tres tienen un elemento en común: la Tierra. En estos experimentos la Tierra participa como un elemento más, y precisamente el objetivo de estos tres experimentos es medir alguna característica de la tierra: su circunferencia, su rotación y su densidad.



El radio de la Tierra


Es increíble que, mientras en Europa en el sigo XV aún se discutía si la Tierra era redonda o plana, muchos siglos antes, en el siglo III a.C. los griegos no sólo sabían que la Tierra era redonda, sino que habían sido capaces de medir su tamaño.

Los griegos sabían que la tierra era redonda por diversas evidencias: la sombra que proyectaba la Tierra sobre la Luna en los eclipses lunares era siempre circular; o cuando un barco se alejaba en el horizonte, lo último en desaparecer siempre eran las velas.

Uno de estos griegos, el matemático y astrónomo Eratóstenes fue el que llevo a cabo el experimento para medir el la circunferencia de la tierra, utilizando unos medios, como veremos de lo más sencillos.

Durante el tiempo en el que Eratóstenes realizó el experimento, vivía en la ciudad de Alejandría, que se encontraba a unos 5.000 estadios al norte de la ciudad de Siena (1 estadio = 167,7 metros). La ciudad de Siena era conocida porque el día del solsticio de verano, el 21 de Junio, a las 12 del mediodía, los rayos del Sol caían completamente perpendiculares. En ese momento los habitantes de Siena podían ver el Sol exactamente sobre sus cabezas, y los edificios, columnas, postes, etc. no producían sombra alguna. En realidad esto ocurre porque Siena se encuentra situada en el trópico de Cancer.

Eratóstenes, sabiendo esto, utilizó esta peculiaridad para calcular la circunferencia de la Tierra. Situado en Alejandría, a las 12 del mediodía del solsticio de verano, colocó un palo vertical (se cree que un reloj de sol) y midió la longitud sombra que producía. Usando algo de trigonometría básica pudo hallar el ángulo que formaba la sobra con el palo, que resultó ser de 1/50 de circunferencia (unos 7º12'). De esta forma, y como veremos a continuación con ayuda de la figura 1, supo que la distancia entre Alejandría y Siena era 1/50 de la circunferencia total de la Tierra, por lo que la Tierra tendría que tener de cincunferencia 50 veces la distancia de 5.000 estadios que separaba ambas ciudades, esto es, 250.000 estadios. Eratótenes decidió añadir la cantidad de 2.000 estadios para hacerla divisible entre 60 y facilitar cálculos posteriores.


En la figura 1 se muestra esquemáticamente una parte de la Tierra. La letra S representa la ciudad de Siena, en el trópico de cáncer. La letra A, al norte, representa la ciudad de Alejandría, donde se encontraba Eratóstenes. La letra C es el centro de la Tierra. Como se puede observar, los rayos solares, representados mediante flechas, caen perpendicularmente sobre la ciudad de Siena, pero con un cierto ángulo sobre Alejandría. Este ángulo produce que el poste situado en A proyecte una sobra sobre el punto P. El ángulo que se forma entre los rayos y el poste colocado en A es exactamente el mismo que el formado por A, C y S.

El valor calculado por Eratóstenes era de 41.950 km, un valor bastante aproximado a los 40.120 km medidos en la actualidad. Pero lo grandioso del experimento es la sencillez de su ejecución, compuesta por un simple palo, su sombra, y por supuesto la Tierra y el Sol.
http://wintern.blogspot.com/2007/05/eratstenes-y-la-circunferencia.html

Reply  Message 22 of 163 on the subject 
From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 19/09/2011 17:16

CÁNCER

 

Daniel Marín Arcones


 

 

    Esta constelación es la más débil de todo el Zodiaco y tiene una procedencia mesopotámica, aunque hay varias dudas que rodean su origen. Sin embargo, su importancia durante el segundo y primer milenios a.C. sería enorme, pues el solsticio de verano tenía lugar con el sol en esta constelación (en realidad, durante la época clásica,  en la frontera entre Géminis y Cáncer, mientras que actualmente, debido a la precesión, ocurre en la frontera entre Tauro y Géminis), de ahí el nombre de Trópico de Cáncer.

 

 

Cáncer (Cartes du Ciel)

 

 Arato no menciona ningún mito asociado a esta constelación y sería Eratóstenes quien lo haría:

 

Parece que fue la diosa Hera quien lo colocó en el firmamento. Cuenta Paniasis1 en su obra Heraclia que un cangrejo salió de la laguna en la que Heracles luchaba con la hidra y le mordió el pie él solo, sin concurso de otros. Heracles, irritado, lo aplastó con el pie, y desde entonces el cangrejo alcanzó una gran fama y se le cuenta como uno de los doce signos del Zodiaco. Algunas estrellas de esta constelación reciben el nombre de Asnos, y fue el dios Dioniso el que los elevó al cielo. Anexo a ellos se encuentra el llamado pesebre. He aquí su historia: cuando los dioses partieron a la guerra contra los Gigantes2, se dice que el dios Dioniso, Hefesto y unos sátiros subieron a lomos de unos asnos; cuando aún los Gigantes no los habían divisado, los asnos se pusieron a rebuznar hallándose a corta distancia, y los Gigantes se echaron a correr al oír los rebuznos. En recompensa por dicha acción los asnos pasaron a formar parte de la constelación de Cáncer, a la zona de poniente. Cáncer tiene dos estrellas muy brillantes sobre su caparazón, que son los Asnos, y una nebulosa que se encuentra entre éstos compone el llamado Pesebre; da la impresión de estar flanqueado por los Asnos. Cáncer tiene una estrella de escaso brillo sobre cada pata del lado derecho y en la pata anterior del lado izquierdo dos poco brillantes, otras dos sobre la pata segunda, una en la tercera; igualmente presenta una en el extremo  de la cuarta pata, otra sobre la boca y tres iguales y no muy granes sobre la pinza de la derecha; otras dos iguales, de no gran tamaño, sobre la pinza de la izquierda. Suman un total de dieciocho.

                                    Catasterismos

 

Notas:

1)      Autor de poesía épica del siglo V a.C..

2)      Seres monstruosos que nacieron de Gea (la Tierra) al ser fecundada por la sangre de Urano (el Cielo), castrado por su hijo Cronos (el Tiempo). Posteriormente se rebelarían contra el dominio de Zeus y los dioses Olímpicos, retirándose al interior de la Tierra tras perder la guerra, desde donde se manifiestan como responsables de las fuerzas telúricas.

 

    Como vemos, Eratóstenes relaciona a esta constelación con uno de los trabajos de Hércules, el de la Hidra (ver esta constelación), como otras constelaciones zodiacales de origen no griego. Eratóstenes hace referencia a los Asnos (γ y δ Cnc) y al Pesebre o Praesepe (denominado en la actualidad también como la Colmena, cuyo nombre de catálogo es M44 o NGC 2632), un cúmulo abierto de estrellas débiles que parece una nebulosa a simple vista, situado entre los Asnos. El Pesebre fue denominado por Bayer como Nubilum. La historia de estos dos asterismos muy posiblemente tenga un origen griego anterior a la asociación de esta constelación con un cangrejo por influencia mesopotámica, lo que explica el hecho de que Arato apenas hable de Cancer pero sí le dedique unas palabras al Pesebre:

 

Observa también el Pesebre. Semejante a una pequeña nebulosa, marcha englobado en el Cangrejo en dirección Norte; en torno suyo giran dos estrellas que brillan poco, ni muy alejadas ni muy cerca de él, sino que, a simple vista, se diría que están a un codo de distancia poco más o menos; una está al Norte, la otra está orientada al Sur. Se les llama los Asnos y en medio está el Pesebre.

                                    Fenómenos, 892-896

 

    Aparte del mito asociado a los Asnos narrado por Eratóstenes, otro cuenta que eran los Asnos que permitieron a Dioniso, enloquecido por Hera, atravesar una laguna yendo hacia el oráculo de Dodona. El dios otorgó la capacidad de habla a uno de los animales, el cual compitió posteriormente con Príapo por la longitud del miembro viril. Como el concurso lo ganó el Asno, Príapo le dio muerte. Después, Dioniso catasterizaría a los animales.

 

 

Cáncer en Mesopotamia

 

    En las tablas Mul-Apin aparece con el nombre de Al-lul, en sumerio “cangrejo”. En época neobabilónica se denominaba a esta constelación Du’uzu o Du-Zu, que significa precisamente “cangrejo”. Pese a todo, muchos estudiosos (Belmonte) sugieren un posible origen egipcio para esta constelación (junto con Aries), pues es posible que dividieran la parte correspondiente a los cuartos delanteros de la constelación del Gran León, donde siglos atrás había tenido lugar el solsticio de verano, para otorgársela a otra en la que tenía lugar este fenómeno, debido a la precesión de los equinoccios. Esta nueva constelación estaría asociada al escarabajo pelotero, el dios egipcio Jeper o Jepri, símbolo de la eterna renovación, el devenir,  la transformación y evolución por excelencia (eso es lo que significa precisamente la palabra hpr en egipcio). Precisamente, Jeper es una de las manifestaciones del dios Sol: Jepri es Ra cuando amanece (al atardecer era el dios Atum), tras haber sufrido la “muerte” de la noche y haber recorrido el inframundo (periodo durante el cual se asimilaba Ra a Osiris, dios de los muertos por excelencia), siendo regenerado por la diosa celeste Nut. Precisamente, la relación de Jepri-Cancer con Leo existía de forma explícita en la mitología egipcia, pues Jepri-Ra aparecía al amanecer a lomos del doble león Aker.

 

    De todas formas, el origen egipcio de esta constelación es bastante discutible, siendo el mesopotámico más aceptado.

 

     Como anécdota comentar que la forma de esta constelación suele ser la de un cangrejo de mar, pero en muchos atlas celestes ha aparecido como cangrejo de río.

  

 

 

Nombre de las estrellas:

 

 

 

α Cnc (4.3m): Acubens, de Az-Zubana,  “pinza”. Sertan, Sartan.

 

β Cnc (3.8m): Al Tarf, de At-Tarf, “la mirada”

 

γ Cnc (4.7m): Asellus Australis, el "burro del sur".

 

δ Cnc (4.2m): Asellus Borealis, "burro del norte".

 

ζ Cnc (5.1m): Tegmen, Tegmeni, Tegmine.

 

Reply  Message 23 of 163 on the subject 
From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 19/09/2011 17:25
 
 

From Eden to Babel


The descriptions below can be seen visually by keeping this Zodiac Map open in a separate window.

This report covers the astrological time from the Garden of Eden to the Tower of Babel. By the timetable in Bible Dates the events of Genesis 2:4b-11 occurs in the Age of Taurus. The zodiacal sequence explains how the Bible's editors told their stories and placed events in the order they did. I have kept additional commentary to a minimum.

Scholars are certain that the first two chapters of Genesis were written by two different authors and later spliced together by a third. One view holds that they are contradictory; another finds the second complementary to the first as a focused view of the creation of man.

In When Was Eden Created I proposed a third view, that the second chapter on the Garden of Eden was the author's way of introducing the creation of the zodiac. The Old Testament was not written as an actual history of Jews. It was written as an epic, giving a mythological view of where Jewish ideals and traditions came from. More specifically, it was written as an astronomical allegory in which the main actors are represented by the stars and how they move.

Thus it is that circle of stars within the zodiac which serves as our guide to deciphering Genesis. As a check on this method, by following the sun along its path through each of the twelve constellations, we should be able to find constellations within each month that represent the principle actors.

As far as where to start, in Days of Creation, I explained why the first six days of creation occur in the Age of Gemini. Of significance is that the third day was in Leo when God made earth. As Genesis 2:4b says, the Garden of Eden was created in the day God made the earth and heavens. So we start in Leo.

Leo

On the third day, God made dry land appear from the water under the heavens.

9And God said, "Let the waters under the heavens be gathered together into one place, and let the dry land appear." And it was so.
10God called the dry land Earth, and the waters that were gathered together he called Seas. And God saw that it was good. (Gen. 1:9-10)

+++++++++++++++ Begin Genesis 2 in the Garden of Eden ++++++++++

In the day God made the earth and heavens-the third day.

In the day that the LORD God made the earth and the heavens.
5
when no plant of the field was yet in the earth and no herb of the field had yet sprung up-for the LORD God had not caused it to rain upon the earth, and there was no man to till the ground;(Gen 2:4b)

Note how in Genesis 1:10 the land is described as dry. This is how Eden started out.

Age of Taurus

In Days of Creation I explained that the six days of creation represented the Age of Gemini. That means that the Garden of Eden was created in the next Age, the Age of Taurus. As such, the Age of Taurus begins when the sun is in Taurus at the spring equinox.

As always, light symbolizes good and dark symbolizes evil. Leo starts on the summer solstice when everything is good. As the sun descends through the monthly constellations, evil increases to its maximum on the winter solstice.

The next two watery constellations represent the cleansing in Noah's flood. As the sun rises to the next summer solstice, things continue to get better. The Age of Taurus extends to the time before Abraham. The chart below serves as our guide.

 

Virgo and Libra

The Garden of Eden — Images

The three actors in the Garden of Eden are Adam, Eve and the Serpent, represented by Bootes, Virgo and Serpens respectively. They do not appear on the scene in the same sequence they are on the zodiac, so I am going to treat Libra and Virgo as one unit.

1. God created the man.

7then the LORD God formed man of dust from the ground, and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living being.(Gen. 2:7)

Bootes the Herdsman represents Adam.

2. God made the tree of life in the middle of the garden, and he put the tree of knowledge of good and evil there too.

9And out of the ground the LORD God made to grow every tree that is pleasant to the sight and good for food, the tree of life also in the midst of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.(Gen. 2:9)

The middle of the garden would place the two trees at the north pole.

3. Eden had a river that divided into four rivers.

10A river flowed out of Eden to water the garden, and there it divided and became four rivers.(Gen. 2:10)

The zodiac has two rivers, the Milky Way and the constellation Eridanus. The Milky Way's size and length easily qualifies it as the main river with Eridanus a tributary. The other two were the named Tigress and Eupthrates.

4. God formed beasts and birds, and brought them to the man to be named.

9So out of the ground the LORD God formed every beast of the field and every bird of the air, and brought them to the man to see what he would call them; and whatever the man called every living creature, that was its name.(Gen. 2:9)

The task wasn't immense as it sounds. They were the animals of the zodiac. The word "zoo" has the same etymology.

5. God took a rib from the man and used it to create a woman.

21So the LORD God caused a deep sleep to fall upon the man, and while he slept took one of his ribs and closed up its place with flesh;
22and the rib which the LORD God had taken from the man he made into a woman and brought her to the man. (Gen. 2:21)

Bootes has his arm raised towards Virgo, exposing his rib cage.

6. The serpent and the woman have a conversation.

1Now the serpent was more subtle than any other wild creature that the LORD God had made. He said to the woman, "Did God say, 'You shall not eat of any tree of the garden'?" (Gen. 3:1)

Serpens head is facing Bootes and Virgo as if they are engaging in a conversation.

7. The woman ate the forbidden fruit and gave some to the man to eat.

6So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit and ate; and she also gave some to her husband, and he ate. (Gen. 3:6)

Virgo has in her outstretched hand what is usually interpreted as a corn stalk. It is not much of a stretch to think of it as the forbidden fruit she is offering to the man.

8. In the year 2750 BCE the star Thuban was almost exactly in the North Pole position. Two things qualify if as the tree of good and evil. One, it is located in the constellation Draco when is associated with evil. Two, from the years 2750 on, Thuban descended from its pole position to be replaced by Polaris. The plucking of the forbidden fruit represents the star's descent.

9. The serpent was cursed above all the wild animals.

14The LORD God said to the serpent, "Because you have done this, cursed are you above all cattle, and above all wild animals; (Gen. 3:14)

The statement refers to the constellation Draco which lays on the North Pole above all the other constellations.

10. "He shall bruise your head and you shall bruise his heel."

15I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your seed and her seed; he shall bruise your head, and you shall bruise his heel."(Gen. 3:15)

One foot in the constellation Hercules lies on top of Draco's head. Over the course of a year the constellations rotate around the pole. Thus at one time the foot is on top of the head, and at another the head is on top of the foot. This is what is meant by bruising.

11. He drove out the man. At the east of the garden he placed a cherubim and a flaming sword.

24He drove out the man; and at the east of the garden of Eden he placed the cherubim, and a flaming sword which turned every way, to guard the way to the tree of life. (Gen. 3:24)

Bootes and Virgo leave the garden when they descend below the horizon. At the same time, Perseus (next to Aries) rises in the east as if to be driving them out of the garden with his sword.

When Ezekiel describes a cherub as having the face of a man, the face of a lion, the face of an ox and the face of an eagle, he is describing the four cardinal constellations in the Age of Taurus. (See the chart at the top of this page.)

10As for the likeness of their faces, each had the face of a man in front; the four had the face of a lion on the right side, the four had the face of an ox on the left side, and the four had the face of an eagle at the back. (Ezek. 1:10)

14And every one had four faces: the first face was the face of the cherub, and the second face was the face of a man, and the third the face of a lion, and the fourth the face of an eagle. (Ezek. 10:14)

Scorpio

Cain and Abel — Images

Representing Cain and Abel are Ophiuchus the Serpent Bearer and Hercules respectively. The serpent symbolizes Cain evilness and Hercules upside down position represents the fallen Abel.

8Cain said to Abel his brother, "Let us go out to the field." And when they were in the field, Cain rose up against his brother Abel, and killed him. (Gen. 4:8)

What was the mark on Cain? Coincidently Ophiuchus' head is represented by one star. It's a reasonable guess that that the mark is the head star Ras Alhague which ranks as the 56th brightest star of all the stars and the brightest in the constellation. Graphic illustrations show the star on Ophiuchus' forehead.

15Then the LORD said to him, "Not so! If any one slays Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold." And the LORD put a mark on Cain, lest any who came upon him should kill him. (Gen. 4:15)

The Golden Age

Before the introduction of Christmas, each year beginning on December 17 Romans honored Saturn, the ancient god of agriculture, in a festival called Saturnalia. This festival lasted for seven days and included the winter solstice, which usually occurred around December 25 on the ancient Julian calendar.

The Titans were among the earliest gods. They were of enormous size and incredible strength that were said to populate earth with demigods by coupling with nymphs or each other. The most important was Cronus, called Saturn in Latin. In the time of Cronus, the gods made the first men, the Golden Race, who did not suffer old age, sickness or toil, because the earth gave them fruit without labor.

This period, called the Golden Age is described as the first age when men kept the faith and did right by the gods. There was ease and peace upon the land. There were no laws and no strife, therefore no need of punishment. When Zeus overcame the Titans the Golden Age ended.

The Jewish version of the Golden Age can be found in Genesis 5.

Capricorn

1. Genesis 5 gives us an account of great men, most who lived for almost a thousand years. The longest was Methuselah at 969 and the shortest, Enoch at 365. Enoch was the only one who went to heaven without dying first. Noah was the tenth generation after Adam.

23Thus all the days of Enoch were three hundred and sixty-five years.
24Enoch walked with God; and he was not, for God took him. (Gen. 5:23-24)

Enoch's flight to heaven when the sun is in Capricorn occurs when the Milky Way stretches south to north when it was taken as the celestial river to heaven. Star maps show Cygnus the Swan in Capricorn flying up the Milky Way.

The Bible's silence on human events suggests that everyone lived to such extreme ages because there was no strife.

2. Then there was the Nephilim, sons of God who mated with earth women.

4The Nephilim were on the earth in those days, and also afterward, when the sons of God came in to the daughters of men, and they bore children to them. These were the mighty men that were of old, the men of renown. (Gen. 6:4)

The Nephilim are comparable to the Titans.

Noah's Ark — Images

There is a classic Greek Myth called Jason and the Argonauts. It is about Jason and his fifty Argonauts who sail through twelve adventures on the ship Argo in search of the Golden Fleece. A web search will turn up sites that tell the story and there is a 1963 movie which may be available in your local video store.

Their ship Argo is represented by the constellation Argo Navis and the story unfolds as they sail around the zodiac. The Jewish version is called Noah's ark and takes place from Aquarius through Gemini. It's a story of appalling savagery for which Christians and Jews take too lightly.

Richard Elliot Friedman in Who Wrote the Bible? makes a compelling case that the Bible had several original authors which were later woven together by a later editor to make them seem as if there was one. The confusion caused by this duplication will become apparent.

What is notable is that one author (P for priestly) refers to God as God and the other (J for Yahweh/Jehovah) as Yahweh, translated as Lord. P has one pair of each kind of animal. J has seven pairs of clean animals and one pair of unclean animals. P said the flood lasted 370 days. J said it was forty days and forth nights. To denote the differences, I put a J or a P after the sequence number.

Either way, both were consistent in basing their versions on the constellations. When the sun is in Aquarius the Water Carrier, Noah is the man and the constellation Argo Navis appears in the evening sky as Noah's ark. It is such a big constellation that astronomers, today, have broken it up into three constellations: Puppis, the Stern, Carina, the Keel, and Vela the Sail. They stretch from Gemini to Leo. At the bow is Corvus the Crow, and at the stern is Columba the Dove.

Aquarius

In classical times when the Sun passed in front of the stars of Aquarius, it used to be the rainy season. This was the beginning of the Egyptian Spring when they believed that the Nile would overflow its banks when Aquarius dipped his great jar into the waters of the Nile.

Aquarius is the central figure of that region in the sky often referred to as The Sea. To the east of Aquarius is Eridanus, the Great River, Cetus, the Whale, and Pisces, the Fishes; to the west lies Capricorn, the Seagoat; and to the south is Pisces Austrinus, the Southern Fishes. In the Age of Aries Aquarius coincided with the month of February, which gets its derivation from februarie, "to cleanse."

1. In the Age of Taurus, Aquarius began at the end of December when the sun begins to rise from its lowest point on the horizon. It was a time of darkness, personified as evil.;

5The LORD saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.
6And the LORD was sorry that he had made man on the earth, and it grieved him to his heart. (Gen. 6:5-6)

2. Noah personifies Aquarius the Waterman.

9These are the generations of Noah. Noah was a righteous man, blameless in his generation; Noah walked with God. (Gen. 6:9)

3. God told Noah to make an ark.

14Make yourself an ark of gopher wood; make rooms in the ark, and cover it inside and out with pitch. (Gen. 6:14)

Pisces

When did the flood begin? 

1P. On the seventh day of the second month in the 600th year of Noah's life, the flood began.

11In the six hundredth year of Noah's life, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month, on that day all the fountains of the great deep burst forth, and the windows of the heavens were opened. (Gen. 7:11)

If the 600th year symbolizes the 6th month, the flood began on the eighth month which coincides with the time of Pisces.

2J. It rained for forty days and forty nights.

12And rain fell upon the earth forty days and forty nights. (Gen. 7:12)

The number four represents a complete journey through the four cardinal points. Perhaps the authors chose forty days because forty months or years seemed too long to live on a ship. Also, forty days would take the ark into Aries.

Aries

When did the flood end? 

1J. At the end of forty days Noah opened the window.

6At the end of forty days Noah opened the window of the ark which he had made, (Gen. 8:6)

Forty days takes us from Pisces to Aries.

2P. The flood lasted one year and ten days to the 27th day of the second month.

13In the six hundred and first year, in the first month, the first day of the month, the waters were dried from off the earth; and Noah removed the covering of the ark, and looked, and behold, the face of the ground was dry.
14In the second month, on the twenty-seventh day of the month, the earth was dry. (Gen. 8:13-14)

The 27th day of the second month falls into Aries.

Taurus

Which bird did Noah send to find dry land?

1P. Noah sent a raven to seek dry land. The raven went to and fro until the waters dried up.

7and sent forth a raven; and it went to and fro until the waters were dried up from the earth. (Gen. 8:7)

In the evening sky, Corvus the Crow's position along the equator makes it visible for half the year. From March it descends towards land until it disappears below the horizon in June.

2J. Noah sent a dove to look for dry land. On the first attempt the dove returned. On the second attempt it returned with an olive branch. On the third attempt he did not return, proving to Noah that the earth had dried.

8Then he sent forth a dove from him, to see if the waters had subsided from the face of the ground;
9but the dove found no place to set her foot, and she returned to him to the ark, for the waters were still on the face of the whole earth. So he put forth his hand and took her and brought her into the ark with him.
10He waited another seven days, and again he sent forth the dove out of the ark;
11and the dove came back to him in the evening, and lo, in her mouth a freshly plucked olive leaf; so Noah knew that the waters had subsided from the earth.
12Then he waited another seven days, and sent forth the dove; and she did not return to him any more. (Gen. 8:8-12)

When the sun is in Aries, Columba the Dove rises above the horizon. In the myth of Jason and the Argonauts, Jason sent out a dove to test the dangerous rocks at the passage from the Aegean Sea to the Black Sea. When the bird returned unscathed, it proved to Jason that the passage could be navigated.

When did Noah and God make their covenant?

3J. Noah built an altar and offered burnt offerings of every clean animal and clean bird. Yahweh promised to never again destroy every living creature as he did.

20Then Noah built an altar to the LORD, and took of every clean animal and of every clean bird, and offered burnt offerings on the altar.
21And when the LORD smelled the pleasing odor, the LORD said in his heart, "I will never again curse the ground because of man, for the imagination of man's heart is evil from his youth; neither will I ever again destroy every living creature as I have done. (Gen. 8:20-21)

The sun leaves Aries on the spring equinox. It is a time of triumph over evil when daylight hours start to exceed night time hours. The constellation Perseus with its meteor shower the Perseids appears above Aries.

When Noah stepped on land, his first task was to make burnt offerings of the clean animals. Imagine Noah standing before his animal bonfire represented by Perseus and the Perseids meteor shower. Or his fire could be represented by the sun's emergence above the equator.

4P. The bow in the cloud shall be a sign of the covenant between God and the earth.

13I set my bow in the cloud, and it shall be a sign of the covenant between me and the earth. (Gen. 9:13)

Each day the sun moves in an arc or bow above the horizon. Cloud is a code word for Milky Way. There are only two places where the sun crosses the Milky Way-Gemini and Sagittarius. By process of elimination, the sign of the covenant would occur when the sun crosses the Milky Way at Gemini. The word "covenant" is a pun for covering, as in the sun's light covers the earth.

Noah gets drunk.

5P. Noah got drunk and lay naked in his tent. Ham saw his nakedness and told his two brothers.

20Noah was the first tiller of the soil. He planted a vineyard;
21and he drank of the wine, and became drunk, and lay uncovered in his tent.
22And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father, and told his two brothers outside. (Gen. 9:20-22)

The constellation Auriga the Goat Herder's position above Orion accounts for the incident when Ham looked down upon his father's nakedness.

GEMINI

Shem and Japheth covered their father but did not see his nakedness.

23Then Shem and Japheth took a garment, laid it upon both their shoulders, and walked backward and covered the nakedness of their father; their faces were turned away, and they did not see their father's nakedness. (Gen. 9:23)

The Gemini Twins' position above Orion represents Shem and Japheth standing over their father.

 

Tower of Babel

Cancer

When the sun was in Capricorn, Gen 5:23 tells us how Enoch went to heaven. It was the time when the Milky Way went in a north-south direction, symbolizing the celestial river to heaven. Six months later in Cancer, the Milky Way is again facing a north-south direction. This takes us to Genesis 11:1-8, the story of the Tower of Babel when the passage to heaven is open again.

As the story goes, the world had one language. One day the people got together and decided to build a tower that reaches to the heavens because it would prevent them from being scattered.

4Then they said, "Come, let us build ourselves a city, and a tower with its top in the heavens, and let us make a name for ourselves, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth." (Gen. 11:4)

But God feared that if they spoke one language, nothing would be impossible for them.

6And the LORD said, "Behold, they are one people, and they have all one language; and this is only the beginning of what they will do; and nothing that they propose to do will now be impossible for them. (Gen. 11:6)

So the gods came down and confused the language by scattering them all over the earth.

6And the LORD said, "Behold, they are one people, and they have all one language; and this is only the beginning of what they will do; and nothing that they propose to do will now be impossible for them.
7Come, let us go down, and there confuse their language, that they may not understand one another's speech." (Gen. 11:6-7)

Readers might reflect on the moral significance of this little fable. Like the story of Adam and Eve, it reflects on the attitude of the priests to preserve their authority by keeping the people ignorant and confused.

End


Reply  Message 24 of 163 on the subject 
From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 25/09/2011 02:04
 

Berg was a 'prisoner of war' indeed... So, this does smell like a 'Beltane ritual' that interacts with Schwarzenneger's Oak King ritual on Beltane/May Day.

The 'Tower' part of Berg's job/company is also suspiciously relevant. Mary Magdalene, as a form of Venus-Isis/Sirius-Lucifer (lucero de la mañana segun apocalipsis 22:16), is very much part of the Time Code themes underlying this period of May and beyond. And the name 'Magdalene' can denote... 'tower'. In particular it is relatable to the Tower of Babel as explained in the article.

The Babel tower in the Bible represents mankind working as one using one language. God, seeing this, went down to earth and confused man's language - as a result they could no longer communicate well with each other. So the Tower of Babel has much to do with the idea of 'communication', just as Nick Berg's job specifically involved communication towers.

Furthermore, the idea of decapitation is something very much attached to John the Baptist (this is how his life ended). And as mentioned earlier John is often considered the Christian version of the Oak King (= Arnie) and his feast day (June 24) marks/represents the summer solstice which in early ancient Egyptian times coincided with Sirius' heliacal rising and thus also with New Year's Day. In other words, John - and through him Berg - is very much linked to the 'antichristic' Aug. 6 date and conceptually an 'opposite' of Beltane/May Day!

The date of the gruesome video's posting,  May 11, is also suggestive in that there are exactly 322 days from the last John the Baptist day (June 24, '03) to May 11, '04. You may recall that '322' is the numerical signature of Skull and Bones, the Yale secret society to which both Bush and John Kerry belong. The 'Shock & Awe' event of 2003 - i.e. the US air assault on Iraq - began on March 22/23 (i.e. 3/22 => '322'). And we had this year's 'Shock & Awe', i.e. the decapitation video, also coming with the signature number...

Next, we find that the Beltane/May Day festival traditionally involved the virgin goddess:

Many communities elected a virgin as their "May Queen" to lead marches or songs. To the Celts, she represented the virgin goddess on the eve of her transition from Maiden to Mother.

It turns out the constellation of Virgo, associated with the Mary-Venus-Isis goddess complex, has been considered a headless constellation (Star Names, p.462).

Finally, the horrific 'Beltane ritual' of Nick Berg may have been an 'omen' for Donald Rumsfeld, the head of the Pentagon (Defense Department). In my May 6 update I wrote:

What makes this really intriguing is that Rumsfeld heads the Pentagon. As I made clear in the article, the 'time code' has much to do with Venus and Sirius - both traditionally signified by the 5-poitned star symbol, or pentagram. Needless to say, geometrically the pentagon is just another expression of the pentagram.

So at this point we can't help but anticipate the exit of the Defense/Pentagon Secretary...

In other words, the Berg video, the month of May, and the Department of Defense are all closely associated with the Mary-Venus-Isis/Sirius goddess complex. The head of Nick Berg has been cut off (boy... I really don't like talking about this); so, will this be the case for the 'head' of the Pentagon as well?  I view this symbolism as suggestive of the exit of Rumsfeld in the near future (either stepping down and getting fired).

Now, getting back to Schwarzenegger's trip, let's address the question of 'why Israel?' First, we can see that for a 'messianic' figure it would be quite natural to go there... to get 'baptized' (or whatever). Note that the Oak King is 'born' on the winter solstice/Yule, historically associated with Christmas, thus also with the birth of Jesus. In other words, the Oak King is an alter ego of the 'Messiah'. And the acting Oak King, Arnie, just went 'back' to the Holy Land...

But more interestingly, the name 'Israel' comes from a biblical figure who was originally called Jacob. He is associated with something akin to the Tower of Babel (Babylon/'gate of god') or 'stargate', as we read in Genesis:

And Jacob awaked out of his sleep, and he said, Surely the Lord is in this place; and I knew it not. And he was afraid, and said, How dreadful is this place! This is none other but the house of God, and this is the gate of heaven. (28:16-17)

The line 'How dreadful is this place!' is thought to be connected to Rennes-le-Chateau in south France where, at its church's entrance, the visitor would encounter a strange Latin inscription that reads 'TERRIBILIS EST LOCUS ISTE' ('This place is terrible'). Thanks to the great success of The Da Vinci Code, now many people recognize that Rennes-le-Chateau is inseparable from the underground tradition of Mary Magdalene (= 'tower'). Not surprisingly, the subsequent Genesis passages mentions 'pillar':

And Jacob rose up early in the morning, and took the stone that he had put for his pillows, and set it up for a pillar, and poured oil upon the top of it. And he called the name of that place Beth-el...  And this stone, which I have set for a pillar, shall be God's house... (28:18-19, 22)

This 'pillar' is easily interchangeable with the Tower of Babel in Babylon, the 'gate of god'. This is a 'stargate' theme. Isn't it intriguing, then, that Schwarzenegger's most popular movie character, the Terminator, is a cyborg that comes from the future through a 'stargate' machine?

This 'stargate' is also traditionally called 'Jacob's ladder', which has been identified with the Milky Way. Those who have read The Lucifer Time Code will recall that the significance accorded to the month of May this year has much to do with celestial configurations directly involving the Milky Way [and its 'stargate' points]!

Jacob's 'stargate' pillar-stone is also associated with the 'Stone of Destiny' which is related to Grail/Arthurian tradition. This reminds us of the fact that Arnold has a shadowy Enron connection (the corrupt energy company that imploded in 2001-2) and 'Enron' spelt backwards is 'Norne', the name of the three goddesses of fate (or destiny) in Norse mythology as discussed before.

Here is one of Nostradamus' quatrains often associated with the 'Antichrist' (I-76) that specifically mentions 'destiny' and alludes to Norne:

The man will be called by a barbaric name
that three sisters will receive from destiny.
He will speak then to a great people in words and deeds,
more than any other man will have fame and renown.

Schwarzenegger indeed has the 'barbaric' epithet, 'Terminator', but before he was the Terminator he was literally Conan the Barbarian!

So, all combined, the symbolism of Arnold's 'presidential' trip to Israel (= Jacob) over the Beltane/May-Day weekend is quite telling and meaningful.

Peak Oil is arriving. Chaos will ensue. And Arnold Schwarzenegger will be right there to assume leadership and forcefully maintain order even as the Titanic sinks into the abyss. A scenario that is becoming less and less improbable...

Okay, one more thing. This week saw a very unusual development of all the major US cable news networks (CNN, MSNBC, FOX) carrying a remarkable story involving UFOs - how they were witnessed and acknowledged by the Mexican military - in a quite serious manner. I see this as a precursor to the coming announcement of the 'discovery' of life on Mars - i.e. my Projection 'A' for May (and beyond).

The way I see it, those 'UFOs' are probably 'ours', as in non-extraterrestrial (something out of very deep military-industrial black projects). I can actually detect a parallel between the Nick Berg video and this UFO news (both came out just about at the same time). The 'shock & awe' video, on a practical level, had the very convenient function of softening the impact of the Iraq prisoner abuse photos. (Who benefited the most from the public display of extreme savagery?) Rumsfeld is certainly feeling less pressure at this time, and Cheney is happy that Rumsfeld still has his job since without him at the top of the Pentagon the neoconservative network that Cheney uses to run his 'shadow government' would quickly collapse.

By showing the extreme, people's threshold of tolerance is easily changed. So, by implying in the mainstream news, at least temporarily, that there may really be ETs visiting this planet in flying saucers, the general public's 'tolerance level' gets adjusted and thereby becoming ready mentally for the 'life on Mars' announcement that may be in the works now.

The fact that the ESA guys (Europe) are apparently getting ready to make such an announcement in July or September this year tells me that NASA/US may now have a motive to make its own 'life on Mars' announcement' before them. Chances are NASA already has more than enough evidence. So why let the Europeans steal the limelight? The limelight outweighs secrecy at this point, I would think.

It will be interesting to see how/if these scenarios will unfold in the coming weeks.

 

Reply  Message 25 of 163 on the subject 
From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 25/10/2011 03:28
TORRE 7 DEL 911 Y SUS 47 PISOS
 
 

Ezequiel 47 (4/7=4 DE JULIO/INDEPENDENCIA DE EEUU)

1  HIZOME tornar luego á la entrada de la casa; y he aquí aguas que salían de debajo del umbral de la casa hacia el oriente: porque la fachada de la casa estaba al oriente: y las aguas descendían de debajo, hacia el lado derecho de la casa, al mediodía del altar.

2  Y sacóme por el camino de la puerta del norte, é hízome rodear por el camino fuera de la puerta, por de fuera al camino de la que mira al oriente: y he aquí las aguas que salían al lado derecho.

3  Y saliendo el varón hacia el oriente, tenía un cordel en su mano; y midió mil codos, é hízome pasar por las aguas hasta los tobillos.

4  Y midió otros mil, é hízome pasar por las aguas hasta las rodillas. Midió luego otros mil, é hízome pasar por las aguas hasta los lomos.

5  Y midió otros mil, é iba ya el arroyo que yo no podía pasar: porque las aguas se habían alzado, y el arroyo no se podía pasar sino á nado.

6  Y díjome: ¿Has visto, hijo del hombre? Después me llevó, é hízome tornar por la ribera del arroyo.

7  Y tornando yo, he aquí en la ribera del arroyo había árboles muy muchos de la una parte y de la otra.

8  Y díjome: Estas aguas salen á la región del oriente, y descenderán á la llanura, y entrarán en la mar: y entradas en la mar, recibirán sanidad las aguas.

9  Y será que toda alma viviente que nadare por donde quiera que entraren estos dos arroyos, vivirá: y habrá muy muchos peces por haber entrado allá estas aguas, y recibirán sanidad; y vivirá todo lo que entrare en este arroyo.

10  Y será que junto á él estarán pescadores; y desde En-gadi hasta En-eglaim será tendedero de redes: en su clase será su pescado como el pescado de la gran mar, mucho en gran manera.

11  Sus charcos y sus lagunas no se sanarán; quedarán para salinas.

12  Y junto al arroyo, en su ribera de una parte y de otra, crecerá todo árbol de comer: su hoja nunca caerá, ni faltará su fruto: á sus meses madurará, porque sus aguas salen del santuario: y su fruto será para comer, y su hoja para medicina.

13  Así ha dicho el Señor Jehová: Este es el término en que partiréis la tierra en heredad entre las doce tribus de Israel: José dos partes.

14  Y la heredaréis así los unos como los otros: por ella alcé mi mano que la había de dar á vuestros padres: por tanto, esta tierra os caerá en heredad.

15  Y este será el término de la tierra hacia la parte del norte; desde la gran mar, camino de Hethlon viniendo á Sedad;

16  Hamath, Berotha, Sibrahim, que está entre el término de Damasco y el término de Hamath; Haser-hatticon, que es el término de Hauran.

17  Y será el término del norte desde la mar de Haser-enon al término de Damasco al norte, y al término de Hamath al lado del norte.

18  Al lado del oriente, por medio de Hauran y de Damasco, y de Galaad, y de la tierra de Israel, al Jordán: esto mediréis de término hasta la mar del oriente.

19  Y al lado del mediodía, hacia el mediodía, desde Tamar hasta las aguas de las rencillas; desde Cades y el arroyo hasta la gran mar: y esto será el lado austral, al mediodía.

20  Y al lado del occidente la gran mar será el término hasta en derecho para venir á Hamath: este será el lado del occidente.

21  Partiréis, pues, esta tierra entre vosotros por las tribus de Israel.

22  Y será que echaréis sobre ella suertes por herencia para vosotros, y para los extranjeros que peregrinan entre vosotros, que entre vosotros han engendrado hijos: y los tendréis como naturales entre los hijos de Israel; echarán suertes con vosotros para heredarse entre las tribus de Israel.

23  Y será que en la tribu en que peregrinare el extranjero, allí le daréis su heredad, ha dicho el Señor Jehová.

 

 

 

  • The Master's Square - compares the Tabernacle, the Temple, and the New Jerusalem to the Masonic Temple, and investigates the universal, astronomically based, geometric method for Temple design and construction. This relates the patterns in the Masonic Floor to all the sacred objects in the Bible, as well as temples around the world.
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    Reply  Message 26 of 163 on the subject 
    From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 25/10/2011 03:31

    Reply  Message 27 of 163 on the subject 
    From: BARILOCHENSE6999 Sent: 13/11/2011 01:40
    What's This?

    33 Degrees
    Number of the Master.

    © Olga Morales

    Why is 33 degrees associated with Mastery? This was the question I asked myself when I delved into Masonic symbolism while researching my novel Eclipse of the Soul. Being an astrologer, I was convinced it was a celestial reference, for we measure positions of the planets and stars in degrees, minutes and seconds. The astrological circle equals 360 degrees - 12 zodiacal houses of 30 degrees each. The clue I needed was found in a Vedic (Hindu) astrology book where it stated that the Moon was exalted at 3 degrees of Taurus and debilitated in 3 degrees Scorpio. Exaltation was considered to be the optimum position, where the planet is strong and potent and debilitation was the opposite. Why 3 degrees of Taurus, I wondered? In Vedic astrology, the Lunar Zodiac is based on the Moon's movement against the brightest stars divided into 27 Nakshatras of 13 degrees and 20 minutes each. 3 degrees of Taurus corresponds with the Nakshatra called Krittika - which we know as The Pleiades and 3 degrees of Scorpio corresponds with the Nakshatra called Vishakha which we know as the North and South Scale of Libra called Tula in Sanskrit. If you plot 3 degrees of Taurus on the great wheel of 360 degrees starting with zero degrees Aries, 3 Taurus equals 33 degrees. This was the answer I was looking for. Alcyone is the brightest star in the Pleiadian cluster and thus Alcyone is 33 degrees - the number of Mastery. Further, I discovered that by using Etymology (origins of words) when the word Master is divided into two becomes Ma / Ster and it means Mother Star. Thus, Alcyone is the number of the Mother Star - 33 degrees.


    The Pleiadian star system has been one of the most revered cosmic objects in history, poetry and mythology across all cultures. According to the cultural traditions, the seven visible stars of the Pleiades have been referred to by many names, such as the Seven Sisters, Krittika, Kimah, Flock of Doves, Hens, Virgins of Spring, Sailor's Stars and the seven Atlantic Sisters. 'The Pleiades were known as Seven Sisters by indigenous people in North America, Siberia and Australia and this common heritage means they were described more than 40,000 years ago.' 1

    'The Pleiades seem to be among the first stars mentioned in astronomical literature, appearing in the Chinese annuls of 2357 BC, Alcyone, the lucida, then being near the vernal equinox--- And their beginning of the year gave rise to the title 'The Great Year of the Pleiades' for the cycle of precession of about 25, 900 years." 2

    Professor Charles Piazzi Smyth in the late 19th century suggested that that the seven chambers of the Great Pyramid of Giza commemorate these seven stars. 3 'And here is a wonderful corresponding fact, that the date of the Great Pyramids completion, at midnight of the autumnal equinox�the Pleiades were distributed over the meridian of this pyramid, with Alcyone precisely on the line." 4

    What if the Great Pyramid was actually built in honour of the Pleiades when they rose near the vernal equinox 2357 BC and completed by 2170, as suggested by Siess.

    According to Albert Churchward the name of the Great Pyramid was 'Khuti,' which denoted the seven Lights, or Glorious Ones. Likewise, the Tower of Babel with its seven tiers was also symbolical of the 'Great Altar Stairs,' by which men climbed heavenward.

    Many ancient traditions state that Alcyone was the Central Spiritual Sun, the Mother Sun that emits creative Light, that which births great teachers of Light into the world. It was believed to be the centre of the Universe around which our own solar system revolves. Our current astronomers do not support this idea although in the 1850's it well accepted. 'Science has at last discovered that the Sun is not a dead centre, with planets and comets wheeling around it but itself stationary. It is now ascertained that the Sun is also in motion, around some other and vastly mightier centre. Astronomers are not fully agreed as to what or where that centre is. Some however believe that they have found the direction of it to be the Pleiades, and particularly Alcyone. To the distinguished astronomer, Prof.J.H, Maedler belongs the honour of having made this discovery. Alcyone, then, as far as science can perceive, would seem to be the "midnight throne" in which the whole system of gravitation has a central seat, and from which the Almighty governs his universe.' 5

    An astronomer will tell you this is complete rubbish but I want to go back to the ancient traditions. Alcyone was called Al Wasat, the Central One by the Arabs and Temennu, the Foundation Stone by the Babylonians. The next quotation I found in a wonderful book on ancient constellations called The Mazzaroth. 'Wasat, an Arabic name of Alcyone, transmitted by Ulugh Beigh from early Arabian astronomy, is the centre. It thus testifies, like that of Alcyone, to the knowledge of the first astronomers of the long lost but lately removed fact, that in this group is the centre of the revolving, contains the same reference, if explained by its primitive roots. The ancient name Alcyone, now so celebrated in the annuals of science, is evidently of Oriental origin, having the Arabic and old Hebrew article Al, prefixed to its root Cyon, centre. Its meaning, centre, foundation, anticipates one of the greatest achievements of modern astronomy, the discovery that to this point, this centre, gravitates the whole magnificent arrangement of the stars called the Galaxy, to which our sun belongs.' 6 Does Cyon not sound like Sion/Zion - the heavenly city of God? 'Glorious things of Thee are spoken, Zion city of our God.' Psalm 87. The Hebrews believed it to be the City of David- the City of the Lord- the City of Foundation.

    I found an intriguing article by ken Raines called Jehovah: Ancient Astronaut from the Pleiades'7 Apparently for 62 years, 1891 - 1953, the Watchtower Society (Jehovah's Witness) taught that God resided on the star Alcyone in the Pleiades constellation and that from this star he governed the universe. It was also stated that the City of Zion in heaven was Alcyone. The original Watchtower magazine was called Zion's Watchtower. In Micah 4:8 of the Old Testament, it reads, 'And thou, O tower of the flock, the strong hold of the daughter of Zion, unto thee shall come, even the first dominion; the kingdom shall come to the daughter of Jerusalem.' Remember the Pleiades were most frequently represented as a flock of doves.

    At this point I want to briefly divert to the Priory of Sion and its reported reverence for Mary Magdalene. The clue is in her name, which seems to mean 'of Magdala' - with some possible interpretation as 'place of the dove', 'place of the tower' and 'temple-tower'. 8 In the Woman with the Alabaster Jar Margaret Starbird writes that 'tower of the flock' in the above Biblical reference is translated into Magdal-edar.9 So was Mary Magdalene just a secret Pleiadian code and the Priory of Sion was actually the Priory of Alcyone? The so-called sacred Merovingian bloodline between Mary Magdalene and Jesus might actually refer to their Pleiadian cosmic origins. For example, like many other ancient cultures, the Mayans of Meso-America called the Pleiades 'the cranary' for it was the seedbed of their civilisation and the cosmic star mother who gave her children the codes of light.10 The Merovingians founded and named the city of Paris after Prince Paris, the son of King Priam of Troy. In the Iliad, Electra (one of the seven Pleiades) was the mother of Dardanos, the founder of Trojan race and according to David Icke, the Merovingian bloodline is traced back to Troy - another Pleiadian connection.

    In The Templer Revelation, the authors suggest that Mary Magdalene and Jesus were Initiates of the Cult of Isis. Isis was the most venerated Egyptian goddess - the creatress from whom all arose. The sign of Isis is a circle with horns exactly like the sign of Taurus. Her dance of the seven veils corresponds with the seven stars of the Pleiades. I believe she was often portrayed as veiled because of the nebula around the western side of the Pleiades. I found this quote by J.R. Skinner in The Celestial Ship of the North by E.Valentia Straiton. 'Isis, Issa, is the Virgin mother of the gods. Neith, Isis, Hathor, Venus and others are all one and the same. Issa, or woman, or Egyptian Isi-s, Isis�but Isi was Jesse, the father of David, who was the father of Jesus, as Isi. So, indeed Isis in Egyptian was the feminine form of Isi, or Jes-, as a form of aish, man, was Jes-us.' 11

    This quote was very exciting because Nicholas Notovitch, a Russian traveller- who while in a monastery in Tibet in 1887 was shown a manuscript by the head Lama claiming Jesus did not die on the cross however he travelled to India and Tibet and was known as Saint Issa. Also, Jesus in Arabic and in the Koran was known as Isa.12 His tomb is said to be in Srinagar, the capital of Kashmir, described as the tomb of the prophet. Why would Jesus have been buried specifically in Srinagar - which means Great Serpent? The clue I believe is found in the word naga, which means serpent. In original Aramaic, Jesus was referred to as a naggar13 actually mistranslated into a carpenter in the Bible, when in actual fact I have found the word for carpenter to be nanger. Jesus was a naggar - a serpent of wisdom. Serpents were the symbol of High Initiates in the mystery schools of Isis in Egypt. 'Be ye as wise as serpents and as peaceful as doves' Matthew 11:16 'Many Gnostic traditions identified the Serpent with Jesus. In the Pistis Sophia, Jesus was the serpent who spoke to Eve 'from the tree of knowledge and the tree of life, which were in the paradise of Adam.' 14

    Mark Amaru Pinkham in his book The Return of the Serpents of Wisdom, examines the worldwide migration of serpents, some from Mu (Lemuria), and others from Atlantis. They were called Nagas, Naguals, Nacaals, Adders, Djedhi, Amarus, Levites, Lung Dragons and Quetzlcoatls. There are many traditions, which also state that the Serpents were Extra-terrestrials. ' Some of the Interstellar Serpents on Atlantis came from the Celestial Serpent, the Pleiades. [According to Dhyani Ywahoo] the records of Cherokees, these androgynous Serpents are known as the 'sacred seven,' and said to have traveled from the universal seat of Divine Mind, the Pleiades, in order to instill within developing humankind the spark of the individuated mind. Once on the Earth the Pleiadian missionaries mated with the human population and their progeny spread throughout Atlantis.' 15 (Could this be the source of the Fallen Angels in The Book of Enoch?) This Pleiadian and Atlantean mating was also mentioned by Greek Historian Diodorus who claimed that Celoene and Alcyone, two of the seven Pleiadian sisters, had mated with Poseidon, King of Atlantis and their offspring populated Atlantis.

    Now back to the Watchtower society. According to David Icke, 16 Charles Taze Russell, the founder of the Watchtower Society was a high degree Mason. Why am I going here? Because secret societies keep ancient wisdom behind locked doors and Masonry is based on the Egyptian Mysteries. I have a book by Robert Hewitt Brown; a 32-degree Mason called Stellar Theology and Masonic Astronomy. On page 54 is a picture of a mystic ladder that leads to the seven stars of the Pleiades. He explains, 'This Masonic emblem, has a direct allusion to the vernal equinox, and thus becomes a beautiful symbol of immortality, reminding us, also, of that starry home beyond the grave to which the soul of man aspires. It was for these reasons that, of all the 'hosts of heaven' the Pleiades were selected as an emblem by our ancient brethren.' 13 The ladder is also made of seven step in the Scottish Rite Ritual and ascends from a red room, that which is said to represent the Great Mother. A red cross was placed over the heart of the candidate for red is sworn to in Masonry. I believe the symbol of the red cross is the same as the rosi-crux of the Rosicrucians and all symbolic of Alcyone and the Pleiades. The first Grand Lodge of the Scottish Rite in America, was formed at Charleston, South Carolina, in 1783: a Supreme Council and it lies exactly on the 33rd parallel of latitude. The highest Masonic degree is 33 degrees - the Grand Master. If you break up the word Mason into two - Ma/Son it equates to Mother Sun. It is interesting to note that one of the Pleiades was named Maia by the Greeks. Maia was the virgin mother of Hermes, the Enlightened One. Maya, was the virgin mother of Buddha, the Enlightened One. Mary, was the virgin mother of Christ, the Annointed one. May is the month of Maia/Maya/Mary when the Sun is in Taurus and thus conjunct the Pleiades. May Day celebrations are in honour of the Pleiades.

    In the Mazzaroth, Frances Rolleston connects the Hebrew alphabet with the constellations and Pleiades is said to be associated with the Hebrew letter Ayin, the pictograph being an eye. Immediately, I thought of the 'All Seeing Eye' used so prolifically in Masonic imagery, especially above the apex of the Great Pyramid, even on the American dollar bill. Remember, Seiss' belief that the Pyramid was built as the midnight throne celebrating the midnight culmination of the Pleiades - could this be symbolised by the Pyramid and the Eye? I went a little further and located the letter Ayin on the Kabala tree. It is found on the 26th pathway and connected with the sign of Capricorn and the Tarot card of the Devil. In the Aleister Crowley Thoth Tarot Deck, the Devil is represented in the traditional form of the Goat, however there is some unusual imagery that I found very intriguing. The goat has a third eye and his head is adorned with a bunch of grapes. (Wine had a mystical relation to the Dove (the Pleiades) which is the Holy Spirit or the Shekinah in Hebrew.) Below him, is a winged caduceus (Hermes) and under its hoofs are two balls with humans inside going through what I assume to be symbolic creation. You can see the DNA chromosomes and mitosis occurring. Behind this, is a shaft piercing a cosmic ring in the heavens. Most horned creatures like Pan represented fertility and creation and the May Time celebrations of Beltane incorporated this celebration. The Maypole had seven ribbons, I believe representing the seven sisters of the Pleiades. 'Pan was an important model for medieval pagans' Horned God, whom the church called Satan. The devil always displayed Pan's attributes of goat-hoofs, horns, and unremitting lust; sometimes also a goat head and an attendant throng of satyrs.'14 When the Knights Templer were accused of heresy in the 14th century, it was based on their worship of Baphomet - a bisexual idol pictured with hoofs, a goat's face, with both male and female features, and thus they were called 'devil worshippers'. Could it simply have been another Pleiadian connection?

    'With November, the Pleid-month, many primitive people began their year; and on the day of the midnight culmination of the Pleiades, November 17, no petition was presented in vain to the ancient Kings of Persia; the same event gave the signal at Busiris for the commencement of the feast of Isis, and regulated less immediately the celebrations connected with the 52 year cycle of the Mexicans. Australian tribes to this day dance in honour of the 'Seven Sisters'. 15 The months of May and November and their numerous festivals and celebrations are all associated with the Seven Sisters. Their rising in November marked the time for worship of deceased family and friends. 'Egyptian texts allude to Pleiades' archaic significance as Krittitas, judges of men, assigning them also to seven planetary spheres as the seven Hathors. The dead had to speak the names of these Goddesses to pass their 'critical' examination and enter paradise.' 16

    I believe this is the source of the Judgement of the Dead linked with the month of November, when the Pleiades are high in the night sky. In the Halls of Judgement, the goddess Maat weighed the souls of the dead against her ostrich- feather of truth as the ibis-headed scribe Thoth stood to record the judgement. In Christian iconography, Archangel Michael holds a pair of scales on the Day of Judgement recognised as All Soul's Day on the 2nd November. The ancient Celtic civilisation gathered to celebrate the festival of death 'Samhain' during the dark night of October 31st and at midnight, a time of death to the old year and birth to the new, it was the Celtic New Year. November is the month of the dead and Scorpio and ruling planet Pluto are all connected with death and rebirth. The Persians called November Mordad, or 'Angel of Death.'

    I often wonder how the zodiac signs acquired their symbolism, for example why Scorpio and its eight house and ruler Pluto are all linked to death and rebirth? What I have found through my research into The Pleiades, might be the answer. It has been recorded in the Babylonian Talmud that the flood of Biblical Noah was the result of two stars falling from Khima (the Pleiades) towards Earth. Could this correspond with the legend of the lost pleid? Was this the sinking of Mu/Atlantis and the end of the Golden Age and thus we still mourn the dead in November? I discovered some very confirming evidence in the book When the Earth Nearly Died by Allen and Delair. They argue that the world experienced total catastrophe in 9500 BC when a Vela supernova exploded and the Earth's axis subsequently tilted to 23 and a half degrees and the Age of Darkness took hold. What I found in the book was this. 'Chinese traditions similarly tell how, during the time of the legendary emperor Ya-hou: 'a brilliant star issued from the constellation of Yin' prior to a tremendous global upheaval.' 17 I searched my Chinese Astrology book and found the Yin Star to correspond with Beta Scorpionis (Graffias, a triple star situated in the head of the Scorpion) and connected with plenty of water (flood). The symbol of Yin and Yang thus represents Scorpio (Yin) and its opposite sign Taurus (Yang). Remember in November, the Sun is in Scorpio but at night The Pleiades are high in the sky, in Taurus. The Maya/Aztec called the Pleiades the tzab rattle - that of a snake and every 52 years, in the middle of November, when the Pleiades were directly at the zenith at midnight at Mexican latitude, it was believed that the world would end; it had already been destroyed and re-created four times in the past. The New Fire Ceremony was held once they knew that they were safe for another 52 years. Thus, the specific symbolism of the constellations, zodiac signs and planets seem to reflect actual historical events, similarly recounted in many Myths.

    What I have presented above is just the tip of the iceberg of what I have discovered. It is obvious from legends and myths that the Pleiadian Star System was the locus of our cosmic inheritance and the source of the mystical wisdom known by the High Initiates of the Mystery Schools of Isis.

    http://www.hiddenmysteries.org/mysteries/whatsthis/33.html 

     


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